煤矸石渣土改良及其效果研究  

Analysis on Gangue Improvement and Its Effect

作　　者：张静雯[1] 张成梁[2,3] 宋楠[1] 王贤[1] 张焜[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [2]轻工业环境保护研究所,北京100089 [3]山西省林业科学研究院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2011年第4期227-231,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项项目"建设工程损毁林地植被修复关键技术研究与示范"(200904030);北京市科学技术研究院科技创新工程项目"环境修复中微生物资源和渣土改良技术研究"(2011A-4-Z)

摘　　要：自燃煤矸石山渣土具有高盐强酸性,严重制约了植物的生长,因此在对自燃煤矸石山进行植被恢复时,首先要对煤矸石山渣土进行改良。以研究区内黄土作为改良剂,研究了其对自燃煤矸石渣土的改良方法和效果。选取高羊茅、刺槐、紫穗槐、侧柏、山皂角在改良后的渣土中进行种植实验,测试改良效果,筛选适宜在煤矸石山上种植的植物,并确定黄土作为改良剂的施用比例。改良实验结果表明,黄土作为改良剂对自燃煤矸石渣土的强酸性改良效果良好,在pH值为2.8的强酸性渣土中,加入25%的黄土,pH值可提高到6.8。对自燃煤矸石渣土的高盐性改良效果较差,在盐分为3.8%的煤矸石渣土中,加入62.5%的黄土,盐分可降低至0.97%。种植实验也表明,高羊茅、紫穗槐、山皂角对改良后煤矸石渣土的适应性较强,刺槐、侧柏的适应性则较弱。Due to its attribute such as high salt and strong acid,the mountainous gangue which had undergone spontaneous combustion seriously constrains plant growth.Therefore it is imperative for ameliorating the conditions of gangue mountain to restore vegetation.The abundant and cheap loess was selected as ameliorant,then the ameliorative effect of the diverse ameliorated methods on Festuca elata,Robinia pseudoacacia,Amorpha fruiticosa,Platycladus orientalis and Gleditsia horrida respectively in the mixed gangue and loess was studied aimed to select the plant which has strong resistance and is suitable for the coal gangue mountain and determine the proportion of loess application.The results showed that the loess as ameliorant was effective for improving the strong acidity,while adding 25 percent of loess into strong acid gangue with pH 2.8 could raise pH to 6.8.However it is unconspicuous for the high salt,adding 75 percent of loess into high salt gangue with salt content of 3.8% could reduce salt content to 1.01%.In addition,Festuca elata,Amorpha fruiticosa and Gleditsia horrida were more suitable than Robinia pseudoacacia and Platycladus orientalis.

关 键 词：自燃煤矸石渣土 基质改良 改良效果 植被恢复 

分 类 号：S151.9[农业科学—土壤学]