城市建筑材质-地表温度关系的多源遥感研究  

Investigation on Relationships between Urban Building Materials and Land Surface Temperature through a Multi-resource Remote Sensing Approach

作　　者：刘闻雨[1,2,3] 宫阿都[1,2,3] 周纪[4] 占文凤[5] 

机构地区：[1]民政部/教育部减灾应急管理研究院(北京师范大学),北京100875 [2]地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京师范大学,北京100875 [3]北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室,北京100875 [4]电子科技大学地表空间信息技术研究所,成都611731 [5]北京师范大学资源学院,北京100875

出　　处：《遥感信息》2011年第4期46-53,110,共9页Remote Sensing Information

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BAK49B02);国家自然科学基金项目(40701114,41071327);北京市自然科学基金(8082015);北京师范大学自主科研基金资助项目(编号:2009SAP-1);遥感科学国家重点实验室开放基金项目共同资助

摘　　要：利用PROBA CHRIS遥感影像对北京城市建筑材质和自然地表进行基于光谱先验知识的分层分类提取,并与Landsat5 TM热红外数据反演得到的北京城市地表温度叠加,采用统计学方法定量分析了主要建筑材质、自然地类与地表温度的关系,并重点就不同建筑材质对城市热岛的影响及其表面特性所起作用进行了分析。结果表明:北京城区中的砖瓦房表面温度最高,比其他材质高0.3K^4.0K,比自然地类高5.1K^7.8K;金属结构表面温度略低;混凝土、水泥和沥青的平均温度相当,他们是城市热环境异常的主要来源之一;另外,城市中的玻璃幕墙能够有效地降低其表面温度,比其它材质低3.3K^4.0K。反照率、热惯量和热传导性是建筑材质影响城市地表温度的3个重要表面特性,对于不同材质,它们存在较大差异。In this paper,PROBA CHRIS hyperspectral image was used to extract the categories of both building materials and natural surfaces in Beijing based on a hierarchical classification method in respect with the spectral prior knowledge.Relationships between building materials and land surface temperature over urban areas were quantitatively analyzed through statistical methods,combining with the land surface temperature in Beijing retrieved via the thermal infrared band of Landsat5 TM.The influences on the UHI effect derived from different building materials are then discussed in detail.Results indicate that the brick and tile-roof buildings have the highest surface temperature,which are about 0.3-4.0K higher than other building materials and 5.1-7.8K higher than natural surfaces.While the metal surface has the second highest temperature.The concrete,cement,associated with the asphalt,have similar surface mean temperatures.However,they have wider variations and become the dominant contributors to urban heat environments due to their wide distribution and discrepancies in physical properties.The glass curtain wall can reduce surface temperatures effectively,being about 3.3-4.0K,which is lower than the others.Additionally,the surface albedo,thermal inertia and thermal conductivity are the three central important surface characteristics that have influential impacts on land surface temperature.

关 键 词：城市热岛 建筑材质 地表温度 CHRIS数据 TM数据 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]