自我效能理论在骨科自控镇痛患者术前教育中的应用  

Application of self-efficacy theory in preoperative education on self-controlled analgesia for orthopedic patients

作　　者：黄苑芬[1] 管玉梅[1] 赖文娟[1] 蒋小蓉[1] 杨毅华[1] 李丽娟[1] 黄小红[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市龙岗中心医院骨科,广东深圳518116

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2011年第16期79-81,共3页

摘　　要：目的观察自我效能理论在骨科自控镇痛患者术前教育中的应用效果。方法将100例拟于手术后采用自控镇痛的患者随机分为观察组和对照组,各50例。对照组于术前2d按常规护理模式进行术前教育;观察组于术前2d运用自我效能理论,根据影响自我效能感形成与改变的因素实施术前教育,术前1d再次进行强化教育,具体包括让患者亲自操作PCA泵、利用榜样影响激励、帮助患者树立战胜疾病的信心、启用支持系统等措施。结果观察组术后6h、12h、24h、48h疼痛评分显著低于对照组(均P<0.01),而对镇痛效果的满意度显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论在骨科自控镇痛患者术前教育中运用自我效能理论,可明显降低疼痛水平,提高术后镇痛效果。Objective To observe the effect of self-efficacy theory applied in preoperative education on self-controlled analgesia（PCA） for orthopedic patients.Methods Totally,100 patients selecting PCA after a surgery were divided into a control group and an observation group,with 50 cases in each group.The control group received conventional nursing education.Two days before the operation,nurses gave systematic preoperative education on factors affecting self-efficacy formation and changing variables to the observation group by using self-efficacy theory.One day before the operation,education was intensified：patients were asked to operate the PCA pump;they were inspired by good examples;nurses helped them build up confidence of fighting the diseases,and told them how to utilize their support system.Numerical Rating Scale（NRS） scores at 6,12,24 and 48 hours after operation and satisfaction degree were evaluated.Results The pain scores in the observation group at 6th,12th,24th and 48th postoperative hour were significantly lower than those in the control group（P0.01 for all）.The observation group also had higher satisfaction with analgesic effect than the control group did（P0.01）. Conclusion Application of self-efficacy theory in preoperative education on self-controlled analgesia helps postoperative orthopedic patients fully mobilize their self-efficacy,decreases the level of postoperative pain,and improves analgesic effect.

关 键 词：骨科 自控镇痛 自我效能理论 健康教育 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学] R494[医药卫生—临床医学]