蔬菜作物轮作对西瓜连作土壤微生物种群和土壤酶活性的影响  

Effects of Vegetable Crops Rotation on Microbial Population and Enzyme Activity in Replant Soil used for Watermelon Production

作　　者：孙吉庆[1] 盛萍萍[1] 陈可[1] 李敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学菌根生物技术研究所,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《北方园艺》2011年第16期20-22,共3页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30871737);作物生物学国家重点实验室开放课题资助项目(2008KF09);青岛科技局资助项目(09-1-3-57-jch);山东省博士后创新基金资助项目

摘　　要：采取连作20a的种植嫁接西瓜的土壤,进行盆栽试验,分别种植芹菜、大葱、大蒜、西瓜。定期测定各处理土壤养分含量、pH值、土壤微生物数量和土壤酶活性等,评估不同蔬菜作物轮作对嫁接西瓜连作土壤环境的影响。结果表明:轮作大葱处理土壤中速效氮、速效钾含量最高,轮作芹菜土壤中速效磷含量最高,轮作大蒜土壤中有机质含量最高;连作西瓜的对照各种土壤酶的活性均显著低于轮作其他作物的处理;种植芹菜的处理土壤微生物总量最高,土壤细菌、真菌、放线菌数量、AM真菌孢子密度均显著高于连作西瓜处理。表明蔬菜轮作对修复嫁接西瓜连作土壤、改善土壤环境具有一定的作用。Celery,onion,garlic and watermelon had been cultivated in the pot experiment respectively,with soil which cultivated grafted watermelon for 20 years.To envaluate the effectiveness of vegetable crops rotation＇s improvement on soil health,the soil nutrient contents,pH,microorganism quantities,and soil enzyme activities were determined.The results showed that,available N and available K were the highest contents in the soil planting green onions,while available P in the soil planting celery,and organic matter in the soil planting garlic.All the enzyme activities in the soil planting watermelon were lower than the soil planting other vegetable significantly.In the soil planting celery,the microbial population was the highest,the bacterium,fungi,actinomycete and spore density of AM fungi were lower significantly than the soil planting watermelon.It was suggested that vegetable crops rotation be beneficial to rehabilitate replant soil of grafted watermelon and improve the environment of soil.

关 键 词：轮作 土壤酶活性 西瓜 连作 微生物种群 AM真菌 

分 类 号：S685.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]