噪声高温联合环境致心血管系统异常的调查与分析  

Investigation and Analysis on Cardiovascular System Abnormality Caused by Combined Exposure to Noise and Heat

作　　者：王革[1] 何颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省娄底市疾病预防控制中心职业病医院,417000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2011年第18期2079-2081,共3页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的通过对某钢厂工人心血管系统疾病的调查与分析,了解噪声与高温联合环境对作业工人的危害情况,探讨减少工人职业伤害的有效途径。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法,抽取纯高温环境,纯噪声环境,噪声与高温联合环境及无噪声、高温环境工人186人,调查其心血管系统异常状况。结果纯高温环境,纯噪声环境,噪声与高温联合环境及无噪声、高温环境工人心血管系统异常率比较,差异有统计学意义。心电图与血压异常率纯高温环境工人为30.8%、33.3%;纯噪声环境工人为32.2%、35.6%;噪声与高温联合环境工人为50.0%,46.6%;无噪声、高温环境工人为22.0%、23.6%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中噪声与高温联合环境工人心电图与血压异常率最高。不同工龄的工人心电图异常率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),工龄越长,异常率越高。结论噪声与高温对工人的心血管系统造成明显的伤害,并随工龄的增加而加大,其中噪声与高温联合环境对工人的心血管系统伤害尤为严重,必须采取劳动保护措施以减少对作业工人的职业伤害。[Objective]To understand the combined effect of noise and heat on steel workers＇ health,through investigation and analysis on the cardiovascular diseases of workers in a steel plant,and explore the effective ways to reduce occupational damage on workers.[Methods]The stratified random sampling method was adopted to investigate 186 workers only exposed to heat,only exposed to noise,exposed to noise and heat,without exposure to noise and heat.Their abnormalities of cardiovascular system were investigated.[Results]The abnormal rates of cardiovascular system were significantly different between workers only exposed to heat,only exposed to noise,exposed to noise and heat,without exposure to noise and heat.The abnormal rates of ECG and blood pressure of worker only exposed to heat,only exposed to noise,exposed to noise and heat,without exposure to noise and heat were 30.8%,33.3%;32.2%,35.6%;50.0%,46.6%;22.0%,23.6%;respectively,the differences were significant（P0.05）,the highest abnormal rates were detected in workers with exposure to noise and heat.The difference of ECG abnormal rate was significant between workers with different length of service,it increased with the extending length of service..[Conclusion]Noise and heat exposure causes significant damage on the cardiovascular system of workers which increases with the extending length of service,combined noise and heat causes even more serious injuries.Therefore,labor protection measures must be taken to reduce occupational injury on operating workers,.

关 键 词：噪声 高温 心血管系统 危害 

分 类 号：R136.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]