局部冷热交替损伤建立鸸鹋股骨头坏死塌陷模型  

A New Animal Model of Osteonecrosis Induced by Focal Alternative Cooling and Heating Insults

作　　者：范猛[1,2] 汪爱媛[2] 王玉[2] 彭江[2] 赵斌[2] 刘斌[2] 张莉[2] 孙建奇[3] 许文静[2] 卢世璧[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津市第一中心医院骨科,天津300192 [2]中国人民解放军总医院骨科研究所,北京100853 [3]上海交通大学MED-X研究院生物医学工程系,上海200023

出　　处：《中国医学科学院学报》2011年第4期375-381,479-481,共10页Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30930092;30872621)~~

摘　　要：目的建立两足动物鸸鹋的新股骨头坏死塌陷动物模型,提高塌陷的发生率和一致性,以期更好地进行骨坏死机制及治疗评价的研究。方法采用成年鸸鹋20只,通过定制的治疗探针插入股骨头负重区,采用局部液氮冷冻和射频加热交替的方法,进行闭合回路的液氮冷冻损伤和射频加热损伤的交替,术后2、4、8、12、16周进行髋关节MRI检查,并在动物处死前进行下肢骨内微血管造影,标本进行Micro-CT扫描及组织学检查。结果术后无明显感染征象,未发生实验动物异常死亡。髋关节MRI表现为:(1)术后4周广泛水肿;(2)术后8周异常信号逐渐局限;(3)术后12周开始出现股骨头塌陷。术后16周股骨头标本Micro-CT和组织学检查显示股骨头内血运受损,骨小梁骨折,空骨陷窝;塌陷侧股骨头的骨矿物量和骨小梁间距分别为(380.31±28.12)mg/cm3和(0.86±0.32)mm,明显低于对照侧的(415.75±41.28)mg/cm3和(1.17±0.17)mm(P均<0.05);骨体积分数和骨小梁厚度分别为(47.28±17.14)%和(506.17±220.58)μm,明显高于对照侧的(30.92±4.01)%和(325.50±44.53)μm(P均<0.05)。术后16周骨内微血管造影显示,对照侧血管体积分数为(0.315±0.055)%,明显大于塌陷侧的(0.142±0.059)%(P<0.05)。结论采用局部冷热交替的方法成功建立鸸鹋塌陷性股骨头骨坏死动物模型,该模型具有较高的塌陷率,是股骨头骨坏死研究的良好模型,可用于骨坏死的塌陷机制研究和治疗评价。Objective To establish a new animal model of osteonecrosis of the femoral head（ONFH） with improved consistency and incidence of femoral head collapse for studies on the mechanism of osteonecrosis and on the assessment of treatment effectiveness.Methods Twenty adult male emus were used.Guide instrumentation was constructed to position the customized probe juxtarticularly and at the proximal part of the femoral head.An alternating focal liquid nitrogen freezing and radiofrequency heating was applied.At 2,4,8,12 and 16 weeks after surgery,hip magnetic resonance imaging（MRI） was performed.Before the emus were sacrificed,barium sulfate was infused to lower extremities for microangiography.The femoral samples were scanned by micro-computed tomography（Micro-CT） and evaluated histologically.Results No bird demonstrated signs of infection or died unexpectedly.Hip MRI showed changes massive edema at the 4th week,increasingly localized abnormal signals at the 8th week,and femoral head collapse at the 12th week.Micro-CT scans and histological images at the 16th week showed human-like osteonecrotic changes with impaired local blood supply.Bone mineral density of the collapsed head was（380.31±28.12） mg/cm3 and trabecular spaces were（0.86±0.32） mm;both were significantly lower than those in the control side,which were（415.75±41.28） mg/cm3 and（1.17±0.17） mm,respectively（P0.05）.Bone volume fraction of the collapsed head was（47.28±17.14）% and trabecular thickness was（506.17±220.58）μm;both were significantly higher than those at control side,which were（30.92±4.01）% and（325.50±44.53） μm,respectively（P0.05）.The microangiography at the 16th week showed that vessel volume fraction was（0.315±0.055）%,which was significantly higher than the collapsed side [（0.142±0.059）%]（P0.05）.Conclusions The emu model of femoral head osteonecrosis was successfully established using focal alternating cooling and heating insults.The models,with improved consistency and incidence

关 键 词：股骨头缺血性坏死 动物模型 MICRO-CT 鸸鹋 

分 类 号：R681.8[医药卫生—骨科学]