不同施肥对雷竹林土壤肥力及肥料利用率的影响  

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT FERTILIZATION ON SOIL FERTILITY QUALITY,FERTILIZER USE EFFICIENCY,AND BAMBOO SHOOT YIELDS OF PHYLLOSTACHYS PRAECOX STAND

作　　者：陈闻[1,2] 吴家森[1,2] 姜培坤[1,2] 许开平[2] 黄程鹏[2] 

机构地区：[1]亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室培育基地,浙江农林大学,浙江临安311300 [2]浙江农林大学环境与资源学院,浙江临安311300

出　　处：《土壤学报》2011年第5期1021-1028,共8页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07101-006);浙江省水利厅科技计划项目(RC1019)资助

摘　　要：于2009年,在浙江省临安市的雷竹林中进行田间试验,以比较对照(不施肥)、常规施肥、缓释肥、竹笋专用肥和微生物肥对雷竹林土壤肥力质量、养分利用率和竹笋产量的影响。结果表明,雷竹林因施肥引起的土壤速效氮磷钾含量的过量积累和土壤酸化的程度按以下次序递减:常规施肥>专用复合肥≈缓释肥>微生物肥。常规施肥的肥料农学利用率最低,氮、磷和钾农学利用率分别为鲜笋4.7 kg kg-1、23.6kg kg-1和14.2 kg kg-1。与常规施肥处理相比,专用复合肥和缓释肥2个处理的氮、磷、钾农学利用率分别提高40.4%～53.2%、50.8%～90.7%和35.5%～39.5%,而微生物肥处理则分别提高38.9倍、67.8%和2.0倍。与对照相比,常规施肥处理的竹笋产量和经济效益分别提高了29.6%和14.3%,而专用复合肥、缓释肥、微生物肥3个处理的竹笋产量和经济效益分别提高了27.5%～29.0%和14.6%～17.8%。A field experiment was conducted on a Phyllostachys praecox stand of Lin＇an county,Zhejiang Province,China in 2009 to compare the effects of conventional fertilization（CF）,controlled-release fertilizer（CRF）,special compound fertilizer（SCF）,and microbial fertilizer（MF）on soil fertility quality,fertility use efficiency,and bamboo shoot yields of Phyllostachys praecox stand.The results showed the degrees of excessive-accumulation of available N,P,and K in the soil and soil acidification induced by fertilization followed the order of： CFSF≈CRFMF.The lowest fertilizer agronomic efficiency was obtained from CF and its agronomic efficiencies of N,P,and K were 4.7,23.6,and 14.2 kg fresh shoot·kg-1.As Compared to the CF,application of SCF and CRF increased agronomic efficiencies of N,P,and K by 40.4%～53.2%,50.8%～90.7%,and 35.5%～39.5%,respectively,whereas application of MF increased agronomic efficiencies of N,P,and K by 38.9、0.68 and 2.0 times,respectively.Compared to the control,CF increased bamboo shoot yields and economic benefit by 29.6% and 14.3%,respectively,where application of SCF,CRF,and WF increased bamboo shoot yields and economic benefit by 27.55%～29.0% and 14.6%～17.8%,respectively.

关 键 词：施肥 雷竹 土壤肥力质量 养分利用率 产量 经济效益 

分 类 号：S153.34[农业科学—土壤学]