祁连山西段水文水资源及其特征  

Hydrological Regime and Water Resources in the West Qilian Mountains

作　　者：陈广庭[1] 曾凡江[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2011年第5期744-749,共6页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2009CB421302)

摘　　要：祁连山西段河流水系包括疏勒河流域和苏干湖流域,有时归并为疏勒河流域。疏勒河靠近欧亚大陆"旱极",降雨稀少,平原地区降雨量仅50 mm,山区降雨量随高度增加,最大可达170 mm左右。虽然雪线较高,因山体高大,西段祁连山冰川发育,雪冰融水在河川径流中占比重最大。随着气候向暖湿转型,降雨有增加趋势,雪冰融化速度加快,河流出山流量随之增多。但对山前绿洲的过度开发,水资源供需矛盾日益突出,演化成严重的生态问题。只能从合理调配水资源和建设节水型社会逐步缓解矛盾。The stream system in the west Qilian Mountains includes the Shule River Basin and the Sugan Lake Basin,and the latter is merged into the former sometimes.The Shule River Basin is close to the Eurasian ＂drought center＂,the annual precipitation in the plains there is more than 50 mm only,and it increases with the altitude in the mountains and can be up to more than 170 mm in maximum.Modern glaciers develop in the west Qilian Mountains under high altitude although the altitude of snow line is high,and the proportion of glacier-snow melt water is high in runoff volume.Along with climate change towards warming-wetting pattern,the annual precipitation is in an increase trend,glacier-snow melt is sped up,and the annual runoff volume at the debouchure is increased.The supply-demand contradiction of water resources become more and more serious and some serious ecological problems occur due to the excessive development of the piedmont oases.Only by relying on the rational redistribution of water resources and the construction of water-saving irrigation can the supply-demand contradiction of water resources be alleviated.

关 键 词：水文 水资源 降水量 海拔高度 雪冰融水 祁连山 

分 类 号：P333.1[天文地球—水文科学]