黄土高原生物结皮对土壤水分入渗的影响  

Effect of Microbiotic Crust on Soil Water Infiltration in the Loess Plateau

作　　者：张侃侃[1] 卜崇峰[1,2] 高国雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源与环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2011年第5期808-812,共5页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40701096);中国科学院西部之光(B28013200);西北农林科技大学科研专项(QN2009085)

摘　　要：利用圆盘入渗仪测量6种处理(无生物结皮、生物结皮、长芒草、长芒草+生物结皮、柠条、柠条+生物结皮)下水分的入渗特征,并进行对比分析。结果表明:①无论有、无植被,生物结皮的存在都会阻碍水分的入渗,无生物结皮的稳定入渗速率和累积入渗量均大于有生物结皮;植被的存在,加剧了生物结皮的阻水性。②Kostiakov模型对无结皮、长芒草处理拟合效果好;Philip模型对无结皮、长芒草、柠条、柠条+长芒草处理拟合效果好;Horton模型对6种处理的水分入渗特征模拟效果较好,Horton模型适合描述黄土高原的水分入渗特征。In this study,the disc infiltrometers were used to measure soil water infiltration under 6 kinds of treatments（the regions where there was no microbiotic crust,there was microbiotic crust,Stipa bungeana grows,S.bungeana grows with microbiotic crust,Korshinsk peashrub grows,K.peashrub grows with microbiotic crust）,and the measured data were compared and analyzed.The results are as follows：（1） Microbiotic crust impeded soil water infiltration whether there was vegetation or not,and the stable infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration were higher in the regions where there was no microbiotic crust than those in the regions where there was microbiotic crust;vegetation increased the capability of resisting soil water infiltration of microbiotic crust;（2） The fitting effect with Kostiakov model under the treatment without microbiotic crust and with S.bungeana was fine;that with Philip model under the treatments without microbiotic crust,with K.peashrub and K.peashrub with S.bungeana was fine;and that of water infiltration with Horton model under all 6 kinds of treatments was fine.Therefore,Horton model can be used to describe soil water infiltration in the Loess Plateau.

关 键 词：生物结皮 土壤水分 入渗速率 累积入渗量 入渗模型 神木县 陕西 黄土高原 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]