基于环面刀具的叶片过渡区域宽行加工技术  

5-Axis Machining Technology of Turbine Blade's Root Area in Stripe-width-maximization Method with Torus Cutter

作　　者：李志兵[1] 陈志同[1] 王爽[2] 徐汝锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学机械工程及自动化学院,北京100191 [2]大连理工大学继续教育学院,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《航空学报》2011年第9期1722-1731,共10页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家"863"计划(2008AA04Z124);国家自然科学基金(50875012);国家科技重大专项资助项目(2009ZX04001-141)~~

摘　　要：基于"最短距离线对"(SDCP)刀位误差分布计算原理,提出了一种利用圆环面刀具来进行叶片过渡区域的宽行加工的刀位优化数学模型。以圆环面刀具的环心圆前沿上的各点到被加工曲面等距面的误差在控制范围内,后沿上的各点到被加工曲面等距面的误差大于零,以及环心圆上的各点到相邻曲面等距面的误差大于零作为刀位计算的约束条件,以行宽作为优化目标函数,通过调整刀具相对于工件的位置和姿态角来获得行宽最大的刀位集合。以某航空发动机叶片的叶盆根部为例进行了刀位优化、加工仿真和切削试验,验证了该方法在叶盆根部加工中的有效性。该方法可广泛应用于利用环面刀具高效加工复杂型腔底部或凸台底部边缘工艺中。Based on the shortest-distance-curve-pair（SDOP） cutting error distribution calculation model, a new 5-axis cleanup machining algorithm for blade＇s root area machining with torus tool is proposed. In order to avoid interference, several constraints are established, which are to limit the error between each discrete point on the front edge of the centre circle of the torus tool and the offset surface of the workpiece to the control range, to enable the error between each discrete point on the back edge of the centre circle of the torus tool and the offset surface of the workpiece to be greater than zero, and to enable the error between each discrete point on the centre circle of the torus tool and the offset surface of adjacent surface to be greater than zero. Combined with the strip-width-maximization object function, a boundary tool positioning algorithm is proposed to obtain the optimization tool position vector and tool posture angles. The root area of a turbine blade of a certain aeroengine is taken as an example to carry out tool position optimization, machining simulation and milling, and the results verify the validity of the proposed method. This method can also be applied to significantly increasing the machining efficiency of the root area of a concave or a convex surface.

关 键 词：叶片 曲面 刀具 五坐标 宽行加工 航空发动机 

分 类 号：V232.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]