天津-长岛区域有机氯污染物的相对化学组成与大气传输  

Relative Composition and Atmospheric Transport of Organochlorine Pollutants in Tianjin-Changdao Region

作　　者：刘咸德[1] 郑晓燕[1,4] 陈大舟[2] 胡志美 杨文[1] 江桂斌[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]国家标准物质研究中心,北京100013 [3]长岛县环境监测站,山东长岛265800 [4]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2011年第9期967-974,共8页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2003CB415003)

摘　　要：为了研究持久性有机污染物(POPs)的区域分布、大气传输与来源,采用被动采样技术于2006年7月—2008年6月在山东长岛与天津同步采集大气样品.色谱/高分辨质谱(GC/HRMS)分析数据表明,有机氯污染物化学组成季节变化明显.天津-长岛区域的大气样品主要按照季节聚类,表现出有机氯污染的区域性特征.天津和长岛相距约400 km,两地化学组成的相似性归因于有效的大气扩散和长距离传输.同时,天津点位的源区特征,长岛渔港和船厂含DDTs船舶防污漆的使用作为一种重要的DDTs排放,在化学组成和聚类结果中,均得到了客观的反映.有机氯污染物相对化学组成可以作为一种"指纹"和"探针"技术,研究大气污染物的传输和区域分布.To investigate regional distribution, sources and atmospheric transport of persistent organic pollutants （ POPs）, a passive air sampling campaign was carried out from July 2006 to June 2008 synchronously in Changdao and Tianjin. Based on GC/HRMS analytical data,it was revealed that the relative compositions of organochlorine pollutants （OCPs） including HCB, HCHs, DDTs, PCB28 and PCB52 had substantial seasonal variations. Passive air samples were classified by Cluster Analysis according to season rather than site functionalities,implying strong regional properties of organochlorine pollution. Sites in Tianjin and Changdao, which are 400 kilometers apart, had very similar chemical composition, which can only be attributed to effective diffusion and long-distance transport. DDTs emissions from sources including industrial sites in Tianjin and the usage of DDTs-containing antifouling paints in harbors and dockyards in Changdao could be identified by scrutinizing the composition data and Cluster Analysis. Indeed, the chemical composition of organochlofine pollutants can be used as a fingerprint or a probe to investigate air pollution transport and spatial distribution.

关 键 词：持久性有机污染物 有机氯污染物 大气被动采样 大气传输 长岛 天津 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]