不同植物人工湿地净化效果及基质微生物状况差异分析  

Purification Effects and Differences in Substrate Microorganism Status in Constructed Wetlands Vegetated with Different Plants

作　　者：奉小忧[1,2] 宋永会[1] 曾清如[2] 彭剑峰[1] 刘雪瑜[1] RHEE Jae Seong IAMCHATURAPATR Janjit 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙410128 [3]韩国科学技术研究院(KIST)

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2011年第9期1035-1041,共7页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：中韩国际合作项目;国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07208-003)

摘　　要：为研究不同植物对人工湿地污染物净化效果和基质微生物状况的影响,采用序批式运行的沙培模拟人工湿地,探讨了菖蒲、香蒲、千屈菜、芦苇和白鹤芋5种湿地植物在不同HRT(水力停留时间,分别为1,3和5 d)下对模拟废水中TP,NH4+-N和CODCr去除效果的影响,比较了不同植物类型模拟人工湿地中基质微生物的数量差异.结果表明,不同植物系统对污染物的去除随HRT延长逐渐提高,HRT为5 d时各植物系统对污染物的去除效果最佳.TP,NH4+-N和CODCr的最高去除率分别达90.4%,61.7%和96.4%.相对于其他试验系统,菖蒲系统对各污染指标均具有最优的去除效果.植物种类对基质微生物数量的影响无显著差异.研究还发现,各系统中亚硝酸细菌数量与NH4+-N去除率之间呈显著相关.In order to study the effects of wetland vegetation on pollutant removal efficiencies and substrate microorganism status,simulated sequencing batch constructed wetlands were vegetated with five types of plants： Acorus calamus,Typha orientalis,Lythrum salicaria Linn,Phragmites australis and Spathiphyllum wallisii.The removal efficiencies of TP,NH4＋-N,CODCr and the amount of substrate microorganisms were studied under three different hydraulic retention times（HRT）： 1,3 and 5 d.The results showed that the pollutant removal rates increased gradually with the extent of HRT.The highest TP,NH4＋-N and CODCr removal efficiencies were 90.4%,61.7% and 96.4%,obtained at a HRT of 5 d.In comparison with other systems,the Acorus calamus system had the highest pollutant removal efficiencies under all HRTs.No significant differences of the microorganism abundance were observed among different vegetations.High correlation was shown between substrate nitrite bacteria and the NH4＋-N removal in all systems.

关 键 词：模拟人工湿地 湿地植物 水力停留时间 微生物 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]