利用日本青鳉评估胜利油田水体毒性效应  

Toxic Effects Assessment of Water Bodies in Shengli Oilfield By Oryzias Latipes

作　　者：王学霞[1] 肖能文[1] 闫春红[1] 谢德燕[1] 李俊生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2011年第9期1047-1051,共5页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2008BAC43B01;2008BAC43B02)

摘　　要：为了评估胜利油田石油开采对水体的影响,采集了东营市主要河流的18个点的水样,实验室条件下利用日本青鳉(Oryzias latipes)及鱼卵孵化试验检测水样的急性和慢性毒性效应.结果显示,18个水样对日本青鳉幼鱼都没有急性毒性;与对照相比,88.9%的水样对青鳉鱼卵孵化有一定的影响,其中72.2%的水样中鱼卵的孵化率差异极显著(P<0.05);数据分析发现,鱼卵的慢性毒性效应与水质检测中的9个单个观测指标没有显著的相关性(P>0.05).利用日本青鳉评价胜利油田水体毒性效应的方法可行,水体对日本青鳉有一定的慢性毒性效应,而水体污染与胜利油田区油井的空间分布没有明显规律性.To assess the influence of the Shengli Oilfield oil exploitation on surface water, water samples were collected from 18 locations in the major rivers of Dongying City. Medaka （ Oryzias latipes） feeding and egg hatching experiments were conducted to assess the acute and chronic toxicity effects of the water bodies in the laboratory. The results showed that medaka juvenile fish did not have acute toxicity in the 18 samples from the Shengli Oilfield. However, the hatchability of medaka was influenced in 88.9% of the samples, reaching an extremely significant level （P 〈0. 05） in 72.2% of the samples. It was also found that there was no significant correlation （ P 〉 O. 05 ） between the object of chronic toxic effects and nine observation indices of the water bodies. The results suggested that the protocol of using medaka to evaluate the Shengli Oilfield water toxic effects was feasible. Medaka was influenced to a certain extent by the chronic toxicity of the water bodies. Furthermore, no regularity was found between water pollution locations and spatial distribution of oil wells in the Shengli Oilfield area.

关 键 词：日本青鳉 急性毒性 慢性毒性 胜利油田 

分 类 号：X503[环境科学与工程—环境工程]