通气超空泡水下射弹实验研究  

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF VENTILATED SUPERCAVITY BY UNDERWATER PROJECTILE

作　　者：金大桥[1] 王聪[1] 魏英杰[1] 曹伟[1] 余锋[2] 邹振祝[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学航天学院,哈尔滨150001 [2]中国船舶重工集团公司,北京100192

出　　处：《工程力学》2011年第9期214-217,222,共5页Engineering Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(10802026)

摘　　要：利用射弹装置开展了通气超空泡水下射弹的实验研究。对水下射弹进行通气,得到了水下射弹的通气超空泡,并对空泡的形态进行了研究;得到了不同空化数条件下形成超空泡的通气率:空化数较大时较低的通气率,能形成超空泡,空化数较小时,形成通气超空泡的通气率较高;对超空泡减阻特性进行了验证,比较了同样初速度的通气超空泡射弹与不通气射弹速度和位移随时间的变化,形成超空泡后射弹速度衰减变慢,并且位移更大,不通气只形成局部空泡的射弹速度衰减快,位移小。The experiments of underwater ventilated projectile were conducted to investigate the ventilated supercavity. The ventilated supercavity was formed by means of ventilating the underwater projectile, and then the shape of the supercavity was investigated. Under the condition with different cavitation number, the ventilation coefficient was obtained. The experimental results show that, when the cavitation number is large, the ventilated supereavity is mainly caused by small ventilation coefficient, while when the cavitation number is small, the ventilated supercavity is cause by large ventilation coefficient. The drag reduction characteristic of the ventilated supercavity was validated, and the velocity and displacement of the ventilated and non-ventilated projectile with the same initial velocity were compared. The results show that, when the ventilated supercavity forms, the attenuation of the velocity becomes slow and the displacement is large. On the other hand, the non-ventilated projectile forms partial cavity, as a result, the attenuation of the velocity becomes fast, and the displacement is small.

关 键 词：流体力学 通气超空泡 水下射弹 通气率 减阻特性 

分 类 号：O351.2[理学—流体力学] TV131[理学—力学]