那特硜的《政治學》及其在晚清的譯介  

Karl Rathgen’s Political Science and its Translation in the Late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：孫宏雲 

机构地区：[1]中山大學歷史學系

出　　处：《中华文史论丛》2011年第3期163-194,共32页Journal of Chinese Literature and History

基　　金：筆者主持的國家社科基金青年項目“政治學科在近代中國的形成”(06CZS018)的前期成果之一

摘　　要：那特硿对德国国家学在近代日本的传播和明治政府建立普鲁士式国家官僚政治制度发挥了有力的影响。由其在束京大学的讲议辑录而成的《政治学》，对国体与政体、国家概念（Conception）与国家观念（Idea）等概念作了明确的区分，并对各国立宪制度的历史由来、法理与实际及其利弊得失加以论述，具有历史学派国家学的特徵。该书出版後不久就被译成中文，再藉由报刊、新学书目和图书广告的宣传，成为清末宪政运动的一种思想资源．对中国现代政治学的形成也有不可忽视的影响。German Karl Rathgen,an Oyatoi-Professor in the University of Tokyo,exerted a strong influence on the spread of German political science ("Staatswissenschaft") in Japan and the establishment of Japanese political system emulating Prusia during the Meiji Period.The book entitled "Political Science"or "Staatswissenschaft",which was edited and translated by Tetsuzou Yamazaki and Takasuke Rinoie from Rathgen’s lectures in Tokyo University,with the characteristics of the historical school of "Staatswissenschaft" for the distinctions between forms of state and government,conception and idea of state,and the expounding of various constitutional governments involving in its origins,theories and practice,advantages and disadvantages,was translated into Chinese for at least two versions,and was introduced in magazines,newspapers and book catalogues.It thus circulated as a kind of intellectual resources of the constitutional movement in late Qing,and devoted to the formation of modern political science in China.

关 键 词：那特硿 政治学 国家学 立宪 晚清 

分 类 号：D093.13[政治法律—政治学] K251[历史地理—历史学]