尿路感染病原菌的分布及耐药性分析  

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing urinary tract infections

作　　者：钟馥霞[1] 魏全珍[1] 张惠珍[1] 叶国强[1] 向开富[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市宝安人民医院检验科,广东深圳518101

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2011年第17期3724-3726,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的探讨尿路感染病原菌的分布和耐药性分析,为临床合理选用抗菌药物提供科学依据。方法对医院2007年5月-2009年5月,门诊及住院患者尿路感染尿培养分离的病原菌,采用MicroScan40/90全自动微生物分析仪进行细菌鉴定和药敏试验。结果 369株病原菌中,革兰阴性杆菌占81.03%,其中大肠埃希菌占56.91%,肺炎克雷伯菌占10.30%;革兰阳性球菌占14.09%;真菌占4.88%;大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌产ESBLs的检出率分别为44.28%和36.84%,肠杆菌科对亚胺培南的敏感率为100.00%,葡萄球菌属、粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌对万古霉素的敏感率为100.00%。结论尿路感染病原菌以大肠埃希菌为主,多药耐药严重,临床应根据病原菌监测和药敏试验结果,合理选用抗菌药物,减少耐药菌株的产生。OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens causing urinary tract infections,to provide reasonable reference for using antibiotics in clinic.METHODS The pathogens isolated from outpatients and inpatients with urinary tract infections between 2007 to 2009 were cultured,and bacterial identification and drug sensitivity test were performed by using automatic MicroScan 40/96 analyzer.RESULTS Among 369 strains of bacteria separated from the urinary tract,Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 81.03%,among which Escherichia coli was 56.91%,Klebsiella pneumoniae was 10.30%;Gram-positive cocci accounted for 14.09% and fungi accounted for 4.88%.The detection rates of ESBLs-producing E.coli and K.pneumoniae were 44.28% and 36.84%,respectively.The sensitive rate to imipenem of enterobacteriaceae was 100.00%,and the sensitive rates to vancomycin of staphylococcus,Enterococcus faecalis,and Enterococcus faecium were 100.00%.CONCLUSION E.coli is the main strain causing urinary tract infection,the multi-drug resistance is serious,In order to reduce the drug resistance,antibiotics should be reasonably used based on the results of drug sensitivity test.

关 键 词：尿路感染 病原菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]