萃取法处理低镍钴浸出液的工艺研究  

Extraction of Leaching Solution with Low Ni and Co Content

作　　者：王福兴[1] 黄松涛[1] 罗伟[1] 杨丽梅[1] 刘学[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京有色金属研究总院生物冶金国家工程实验室,北京100088

出　　处：《稀有金属》2011年第5期753-758,共6页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(2007AA060903);国家"973"计划项目(2010CB630906)资助

摘　　要：针对目前生物浸出液中铁含量高而有价金属浓度低的情况,并且在低温低pH值条件下对铁与镍、钴进行分离。选取N235+TBP为萃取剂,采用煤油作为稀释剂,考察了单级萃取硫酸盐溶液体系中铁与镍、钴离子的分离情况及影响因素,并在此基础上进行了3级错流萃取的实验研究,同时研究了负载有机相反萃的条件。结果表明:N235-TBP体系萃铁的速率很快,料液初始pH和相比(O/A)对铁的萃取率影响很大而对镍钴萃取影响较小,对于含铁10 g.L-1、镍2.23 g.L-1、钴1.3 g.L-1的合成料液,当有机相为35%N235-10%TBP-磺化煤油,相比(O/A)为1∶1.5,料液初始pH为1.1,接触时间为4 min时,铁的萃取率为90%,镍的损失率为2.8%,钴的损失率为3.3%,铁、镍的分离系数(βFe/Ni)达到312,铁、钴的分离系数(βFe/Co)达到265;经过3级错流萃取后的硫酸盐溶液体系中萃余液含铁低于0.02 g.L-1,铁的总萃取率接近99.8%,镍的损失率为4.4%,钴的损失率为5.7%,铁与镍钴基本完全分离;以0.5 mol.L-1的H2SO4为反萃剂,铁的单级反萃率大于95%;含铁9.58 g.L-1的有机相在相比为1∶1时,经过2级错流反萃,铁基本上被反萃完全。For treating the bio-leachate solution with high concentration of Fe and low concentration of valuable metals, Fe was separated from Ni and Co at low temperature and low pH. 51235 ＋ TBP and kerosene were selected as extraction agent and diluent respectively. The factors that affect separation of Fe from Ni and Co in extraction solvent system consisting of sulph/tte were investigated. Based on the experimental results, a three-stage cross-flow extraction was carried out. Meanwhile, the conditional factors of the reex- traction of loaded organic phase were studied. The results demonstrated that the rate of Fe extraction by N235-TBP system was fast. Initial pH and Vorg： Vaq had great effect on Fe extraction but had limited effect on Ni and Co extraction. For composite liquid containing Fe 10 g.L-l , Ni 2.23 g.L-1 , Co 1.3 g.L-1, at Vors： Vaq of 1 ： 1.5 and initial pH of 1.1, the extraction ratio of 90% for iron was achieved after one-stage extraction at a reaction temperature of 30℃ for 4 min reaction time with 35% extraction agent concentration. The loss ratio of Ni and Co was 2.8% and 3.3%, respectively. The separation coefficient between Fe and Ni（βFe/Ni ） reached 312 and that be- tween Fe and Co（βF3/Co） reached 265. After three-stage cross-flow extraction, Fe concentration in the raffinate of sulphate liquid sys- tem was lower than 0.02 g·L-1, and general Fe extraction ratio approached 99.8%. The loss ratio of Ni and Co was 4.4% and 5.7%, respectively. Fe was essentially separated from nickel and cobalt. Above 95% of stripping ratio could be obtained with 0.5 mol.L-1 of H2SO4 as the stripping agent. At Vor,： Vaq of 1： 1, iron in loaded organic phase containing 9.58 g.L-1 iron could be easily and completely stripped after a two-stage cross-flow stripping.

关 键 词：萃取分离 除铁 镍钴 N235 TBP 

分 类 号：TF804.2[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]