从蚀刻废液中隔膜电沉积金属铜板新工艺研究  

Study on Electrowinning Sheet-form Copper from Acidic Etchant Waste in Diaphragm Cell

作　　者：杨星[1] 杨声海[1] 郭欢[1] 陈永明[1] 刘青[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学冶金科学与工程学院,长沙410083

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2011年第9期40-43,共4页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50974138)

摘　　要：以铜始极片为阴极、石墨板为阳极,在有以阳离子交换膜为隔膜的电解槽中,从酸性CuCl2蚀刻废液电沉积金属铜板。研究了阴极液中起始Cu2+浓度、起始Cl-浓度、阴极电流密度、电解温度和极距等因素对电沉积的影响。最佳条件为:起始Cl-浓度5.5 mol/L,起始H+浓度3.0 mol/L,添加剂0.2g/L,阴极电流密度350 A/m2,电解温度36℃,极距5 cm,Cu2+浓度从40 g/L降低至20 g/L。在最佳工艺条件下,阴极电流效率达到92.77%,平均槽电压小于3 V;阴极上可以得到平整致密的金属铜板。阴极电解废液中的Cu2+浓度降低到20 g/L左右,可返回蚀刻过程配制蚀刻新液。Copper-starting-sheet cathode and graphite anode were adapted to electrowin sheet-form metallic copper from acidic cupric chloride etchant waste in diaphragm cell with cation exchange membrane.The effects of initial Cu2＋ and Cl-concentration in cathode compartment,cathodic current density,bath temperature and distance on electrowinning process were investigated.The optimal conditions were obtained including initial Cl-concentration of 5.5 mol/L,initial H＋ concentration of 3.0 mol/L,additives of 0.2 g/L,cathode current density of 350 A/m2,bath temperature of 36 ℃,distance 5 cm and Cu2＋ concentration from 40 g/L down to 20 g/L.Under these optimum conditions,cathode current efficiency could reach 92.77%,average cell voltage could be under 3 V,dense sheet-form metallic copper could be obtained on cathode and the catholyte waste could return to prepare the new etching solution.

关 键 词：酸性蚀刻废液 阳离子交换膜 电沉积 

分 类 号：TF811[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]