土家族地区出生人口性别比失衡的调查分析  

A Review of the Social Consequences of the Unbalanced Sex Ratio at birth:An Investigation of Tujia Ethnic Area

作　　者：尹旦萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中共湖北省委党校,湖北武汉430022

出　　处：《南方人口》2011年第4期50-56,共7页South China Population

摘　　要：自20世纪90年代末以来,由于土家族女性的婚姻迁移,土家族地区的婚姻市场就呈现为男多女少格局,预演了出生人口性别比严重失衡的中国几十年内的性别后果。土家族地区男多女少的性别格局产生了三方面的性别后果:男性择偶困难;逐渐形成了"宁要两女也不要两男"的生育性别期望;已婚夫妻的权力关系向妻子倾斜。土家族地区的实践告诫人们:出生人口性别比失衡本是根深蒂固的男权文化借助现代B超技术的产物,但却会在几十年后以同样残酷的方式惩罚着男性和整个社会。Since the 1990s, the marriage market of Tujia Ethnic Minority has been unbalancing and increasingly more males in the market because of the female＇s marriage migrate and son-priority. This imbalance can be regarded as a preview of the gender consequences of the unbalanced sex ratio at birth in the past several decades in China. The imbalance has 3 gender consequences： difficulties for the male to get married; the girl priority of reproduction expectance; the wife＇s increasing dominant power in the family. What has happened in Tujia Ethnic Minority warn us that the unbalance of sex ratio at birth is the outcome of inrooted male chauvinism culture by the aid of B-Ultrasonic technology, however the social consequence can be a punishment to the male and the whole society in the same way.

关 键 词：出生人口性别比 婚姻市场 生育性别期待 夫妻权力 土家族 

分 类 号：C92-05[社会学—人口学]