量子比特的密度矩阵表示  

Representation of Density Matrix in Quantum bit

作　　者：李静[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西铁路工程职业技术学院基础课部,陕西渭南714000

出　　处：《陕西理工学院学报（自然科学版）》2011年第3期69-72,共4页Journal of Shananxi University of Technology:Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：介绍了量子比特、密度矩阵和Bloch向量的概念,然后借助外积这一数学工具给出了单量子比特和混合态量子比特的密度矩阵表示及其相关性质,以矩阵及算子理论为基础,对纯态、混合态、缠绕态及叠加态的密度矩阵表示进行了分析,所得结果有助于加深理解量子理论。At first, the concept of quantum bit, the density matrix and Bloch vector were introduced. Then by using the outer product mathematical tools, the density matrix of single quantum bit, the mixed state quantum bit and the related properties were discussed. Based on the matrix operator theory, the pure states, mixed states; entangle state, the superposition states and the density matrix were analysed. The researching results contributed to the deep understanding of quantum theory.

关 键 词：量子比特 密度矩阵 Bloch向量 量子纯态 量子混合态 

分 类 号：O413.1[理学—理论物理]