阳江与红沿河核电站周围居民住宅与饮食情况调查  

Survey the of Building and Dietary Structure of Local Recidents Around Yangjiang and Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plants

作　　者：钱叶侃[1] 雷翠萍[1] 孙全富[1] 黄志标[2] 崔勇[3] 范瑶华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与核安全医学所,北京100088 [2]广东阳江市疾病预防控制中心,广东阳江529500 [3]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心,辽宁沈阳110000

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2011年第3期257-259,共3页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

基　　金：卫生行业科研专项(200802018)

摘　　要：目的调查阳江与红沿河核电站周围居民住宅及饮食结构等基本情况,为核电站正常运行期间日常监测及一旦核事故后采取应对措施提供基线数据。方法采取等比例分层随机抽样法抽取核电站周围住户,对户主进行问卷调查,调查内容为住宅类型结构、饮用水、牛奶和时令蔬菜食用频次等。结果阳江核电站周围居民住宅以二层及以上楼房为主,红沿河核电站以一层平房和坡顶瓦房为主;两核电站周围住宅墙体材料前三位均依次为砖、石料和混凝土;阳江与红沿河核电站周围住宅窗户遮挡物分别以单层玻璃和双层玻璃为主;居民饮用水主要来源于浅井水和自来水;牛奶来源于外地包装好的成品;阳江核电站周围居民食用来自本地生产的蔬菜前五位依次是小白菜、节瓜、豆角、通菜、青瓜,红沿河核电站周围依次是大白菜、韭菜、芹菜、小白菜、菠菜。结论因气候及习惯等因素致两核电站周围居民住宅及饮食差异,政府部门可根据当地居民饮食和住宅结构具体特点,在核电站正常运行期间制定实施科学的用于放射性核素监测的日常及事故时食品采集方案,在一旦核事故时指导居民采取应对措施进行隐蔽防护。Objective To provide a guide in the course of the daily operation and accident emergency response. Methods The survey was conducted with questionnaires among heads of households collected by stratified radom sampling. The head of a household was asked about residential type and structure, the sources of drinking water, milk, type and frequency of main vegetables. Results Two - storied and more than two - storied houses were dominant around Yangjiang nuclear power plant, single - storey houses and tile - roofed houses were dominant around Hongyanhe nuclear power plant. The top three of wall construction materials around the two nuclear power plants were orderly brick, stone and beton. Glass window shelters were in the majority. Drinking water of residents was mainly from wells and waterworks. Milk comes from nonlocal packaged products. The top five high frequency vegetables the residents around Yangjiang nuclear power plants eat were orderly cabbage, zucchini, string beans, tong dish, cucumber, and those around Yangjiang nuclear power plant were orderly chi- nese cabbage, leek, celery, cabbage, spinach. Conclusion Building and dietary structure around Yangjiang and Hongyanhe nuclear power plants are incongruence. Government can make decisions to collect foods for nuclides monitoring according to building and dietary structure baseline data, and take emergency measures to direct nuclear safety radiation protection for residents when nuclear accident takes place.

关 键 词：核电站 住宅 饮食习惯 公众 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程]