新疆冬小麦地方品种高分子量谷蛋白亚基等位变异及其品质分析  

Allelic Variations of HMW-GS and Their Effects on Quality of Xinjiang Winter Wheat Landraces

作　　者：王宏飞[1] 丛花[1] 章艳凤[1] 严勇亮[1] 尤明山[2] 倪中福[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]中国农业大学农业生物技术国家重点实验室/教育部杂种优势研究与利用重点实验室/北京市作物遗传改良重点实验室/农业部作物基因组与遗传改良重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2011年第8期1392-1398,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30860144);科技支疆项目(200891104);新疆维吾尔自治区兴农办项目(2011xn01)

摘　　要：【目的】对新疆小麦地方品种高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基（HMW-GS）等位变异及其小麦品质的关系进行研究,为新疆小麦品质改良提供参考依据。【方法】选用新疆冬小麦地方品种68份,在已分析HMW-GS组成的基础上,对其理化特性和面团流变学特性进行检测。【结果】新疆冬小麦地方品种资源的HMW-GS等位变异对蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、干面筋含量、面筋指数、面团韧性和形成时间等品质性状影响较小,没有显著差异（P〉0.05）;对面团延伸性、变形功、配置比、弹性指数、稳定时间和弱化度等加工品质性状均有显著影响（P〈0.05）。就单个亚基而言,在Glu-A1位点,Null亚基≥2^＊亚基;在Glu-B1位点,7＋8亚基〉6＋8亚基≥22亚基;在Glu-D1位点,5＋10亚基≥2.6＋12亚基〉2＋12亚基。亚基组合Null/7＋8/2.6＋12具有较好的加工品质性状。【结论】新疆冬小麦地方品种HMW-GS等位变异及其品质效应能为新疆小麦品质改良提供依据。[Objective]The purpose of this project was to provide information for Xinjiang wheat quality improvement,and study allelic variations HMW - GS and their quality effects of Xinjiang wheat landraces. [Method]The composition of high - molecular - weight glutenin subunits（HMW - GS） of sixty - eight winter wheat landraces from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region was analyzed.The physical - chemistry characteristics（protein content,wet gluten content,dry gluten content,gluten index） and rheololgical characteristics（maximum height,extensibility,baking strength,configuration ratio,elasticity index, development time,stability time and degree of softening） of these varieties were all determined.[Result]The results showed that less significant effect of glutenin subunits and their interaction on protein content,wet gluten content,dry gluten content,gluten index,maximum height and development time were observed. According to the glutenin subunit contribution to extensibility,baking strength,configuration ratio,elasticity index,stability time and degree of softening,different glutenin subunit loci could be ranked as;at Glu - A1, Null≥2^＊;at Glu-B1,7 ＋86 ＋ 8≥22;at Glu - D1,5 ＋ 10≥2.6 ＋ 122 ＋ 12.The glutenin subunit combination（Null/7 ＋8/2.6 ＋ 12） had the highest effect among all tested quality characters.[Conclusion] Allelic variations of HMW - GS and their effects on quality of Xinjiang winter wheat landraces could provide useful information for improving Xinjiang wheat quality.

关 键 词：小麦 高分子量谷蛋白亚基 品质性状 等位变异 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学] S188.2