控释尿素对哈密瓜产量、品质及养分吸收的影响  

Effects of Controlled Released Urea on Hami Melon's Yield,Quality and Nutrient Absorption

作　　者：胡伟[1] 邸承贤 李青军[1] 顿晓丹 金磊 张炎[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆三宝乐农业科技开发有限公司,新疆阜康831505

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2011年第8期1470-1474,共5页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划(2006BAD10B07);国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)项目(BFDP-Xinjiang-2009)

摘　　要：【目的】评价控释尿素在新疆哈密瓜上的应用效果。【方法】通过2年田间试验,研究施N量为0、189、270 kg/hm^2的控释尿素和普通尿素对新疆哈密瓜产量、品质和养分吸收的影响。【结果】控释尿素增加了哈密瓜的单株瓜数和单瓜重,增加产量5.89%～22.20%,同一氮肥品种的哈密瓜产量与施氮量呈正相关;哈密瓜的还原糖、VC和可溶性固形物含量均表现为控释尿素处理大于等氮量的尿素。2年中还原糖含量平均提高了18.9%和8.1%;同时控释尿素提高了植株对氮、磷、钾养分的吸收,氮肥表观利用率平均提高了12.20%,吸磷量提高15.43%,吸钾量增加38.65%,哈密瓜养分吸收比例为N:P_2O_5:K_2O=1:0.48:1.18。【结论】控释尿素处理能明显提高哈密瓜的产量、品质和养分吸收量。[Objective]The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of controlled - release urea on Hami melons of Xinjiang.[Method]Through 2 - years＇ filed experiments,The effects of N fertilizer level which was 0,189 and 270 kg/hm^2 respectively of controlled - release urea and common urea on the yield, quantity and nutrition absorption of Hami melons were researched.[Result]The melon＇ s number and weight of single plant was increased after the utilization of controlled - release urea,and the yield was increased by 5.89%-22.20%.There was a positive correlation between melons yield and N level of the same urea.The proportion of reducing sugar,vitamin C and soluble solid of the melon treated by controlled - release urea was greater than those of the melon treated by the common urea.The content of reducing sugar was improved by 18.9%and 8.1%averagely in the 2 years respectively,and the controlled release improved uptakes of N,P, K of the plant,the apparent average utilization percent of N fertilizer was improved by 12.2%;the uptakes of P and K was improved by 15.43%and 38.65%respectively,the and nutrition absorption ratio of Hami melons is N：P2O5：K2O= 1：0.48：1.18.[Conclusion]The treatment of controlled release urea can greatly improve the yield,quantity and nutrition absorption of Hami melons.

关 键 词：控释尿素 哈密瓜 养分吸收 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S562.1[农业科学—作物学] S606.2