土地利用时空变化及其对农业灌溉的影响——以北京市延庆县为例  

Spatial and Temporal Change of Land Use and Its Impact on Agricultural Irrigation

作　　者：宋林蕊[1] 张静[1] 宫辉力[1] 李小娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院三维信息获取与应用教育部重点实验室,北京100048

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2011年第24期14731-14735,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40901026);科技部中非科技合作项目(2010DFA92400);北京市科技新星计划(2010B046)

摘　　要：土地利用/覆被变化作为全球环境变化的重要影响因素,一直是地理学研究的热点问题。本文对1990、2008年Landsat TM遥感影像进行计算机解译,运用GIS的空间分析和统计分析方法,计算土地利用变化的动态度、多度和重要度指数,分析比较延庆县2个流域内土地利用变化的空间特性,并探讨其对农业灌溉的影响。研究结果表明,近20年,土地利用变化的空间差异很大,主要集中在妫水河流域,该流域城镇用地动态度为119.89%,耕地转出的类型主要为城镇用地和林地,水域面积在研究时段内呈现先增加后减少的趋势,白河流域综合动态度仅为1.17%,土地利用类型之间转换主要为草地转林地和耕地转草地。分析认为土地利用类型的变化及传统的高耗水农业灌溉方式是研究区农业灌溉用水在数量和质量上面临的严峻挑战,最后针对此问题提出有益的建议。As an important influencing factor of global environmental change,land use/coverage change（LUCC） has always been the hot issues of geography study.According to the computer interpretation of the Landsat TM images in 1990 and 2008,the GIS technology and statistical analysis method were adopted to calculate the dynamic degree,frequency degree and importance index of the land use change,then to comparatively analyze the spatial features of land use change in two river basins in Yanqing County,and at last discuss its impact on agricultural irrigation.As indicated by the study results,the land use type during the past 20 years experienced large spatial change,mainly concentrating in the Guishui River basin,in which the dynamic degree of urban land was 119.89%,the farmlands were mainly used as urban land and woodland,and the waters area increased before decreased;the integrated dynamic degree of Baihe River basin was only 1.17%,the land use type change was mainly characterized by the conversion from grassland to wood land and from farmland to grassland.Analysis showed that the change of land use type coupled with traditional high water-consuming agricultural irrigation pattern brought great challenge to the quantity and quality of the agricultural irrigation water in the study area,finally some effective solutions were proposed.

关 键 词：土地利用/覆被变化 RS GIS 农业灌溉 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]