打击木材非法采伐及其相关贸易的全球治理分析  

Analysis of the Global Governance of Combating Timber Illegal Logging and Associated Trade

作　　者：缪东玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学经济管理学院,北京100083

出　　处：《国际经贸探索》2011年第9期72-78,共7页International Economics and Trade Research

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(RW2010-5);北京林业大学人文社科振兴专项计划项目(BLRW200918)

摘　　要：近年来,木材非法采伐及其相关贸易问题引起了国际社会的广泛关注。文章首先分析了木材非法采伐及其贸易全球治理的进展、成效和局限性。然后在探讨木材及木材制品国际贸易特殊性的基础上,分析了全球治理的前景。分析表明:(1)全球治理由实施绿色公共采购政策/负责任采购政策,制定FLEG/FLEGT行动计划和签订国际/双边贸易协议,通过相关法案等三个阶段组成。(2)普遍缺少系统的成效评估。(3)由发达国家主导,并未充分考虑发展中国家的国情和林情;木材合法和可持续采购体系十分复杂,不少体系强调独立的第三方认证、全面的可追溯性和众多配套条件,实际上已筑起了非关税壁垒。如无适当规制,贸易争端在所难免。(4)打击木材非法采伐的实质是森林资源再分配的利益博弈。In recent years, timber illegal logging and associated trade have been increasingly concerned by all circles. This paper analyzes the evolution, effects and limitations of global governance of combating timber illegal logging and associated trade, summarizes the trade particularity of timber and related products, and concludes that： the governance is composed of three stages such as executing GPP/RPP, developing FLEG/FLEGT action plan and establishing trade agreements, and enforcing the related acts; the comprehensive evaluation of the governance is scarce; the governance is approached mainly by the developed countries, seldom taking care of the facts and benefits of the developing countries, and the systems to ensure a legal and sustainable timber purchase are very complex, many of which emphasize the independent third certification and comprehensive retrospection of timber and many matching conditions, forming serious non-tariff barriers to the other countries in fact. Provided no proper regulations, disputes are absolutely unable be avoided; the essential of combating illegal-logging is a benefit game in forest resource reallocation.

关 键 词：木材 非法采伐 贸易 全球治理 

分 类 号：F741.1[经济管理—国际贸易]