不同基质对北草蜥和中国石龙子运动表现的影响  

The effects of substrates on locomotor performance of two sympatric lizards,Takydromus septentrionalis and Plestiondon chinensis

作　　者：林植华[1] 樊晓丽[1] 雷焕宗[1] 马小梅[2] 赵丽华[2] 马小浩[2] 

机构地区：[1]丽水学院化学与生命科学学院,丽水323000 [2]杭州师范大学动物科学与技术杭州市重点实验室,杭州310036

出　　处：《生态学报》2011年第18期5316-5322,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30770310;30970435);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(Y307453)

摘　　要：动物在野外生境中的活动能力通常会受到许多方面(例如,运动基质表面粗糙程度、遭遇障碍物的大小与形状)的影响。在特定体温(30℃)条件下,测量主要分布区重叠的两蜥蜴种类(北草蜥和中国石龙子)在四种不同基质表面(塑料草坪;表面粗糙不透底的塑料地毯;光滑具透底网格的塑料地毯和表面光滑的塑料地毯)的运动表现,以及两者的攀附能力和最大游泳耐力。基质类型显著影响两种蜥蜴的运动表现。两种蜥蜴在粗糙表面运动时的疾跑速明显大于光滑表面(例如,塑料草坪上北草蜥为15.7 SVL/s,中国石龙子为8.1 SVL/s;光滑塑料地毯上则分别为11.4 SVL/s和3.5 SVL/s)。中国石龙子在光滑塑料地毯上具有最大的持续运动距离(10.6 SVL)和最少的停顿次数(1.9次)。北草蜥在光滑塑料地毯上具有最多的停顿次数(4.6次)。两种蜥蜴运动能力的种间差异显著。北草蜥具有较大的相对疾跑速度(北草蜥和中国石龙子:13.5 SVL/s vs 5.8 SVL/s)和攀附能力(143.8°vs 101.2°),但较小的游泳耐力(83.5 s vs 238.5 s)。运动速度与耐力之间存在种间权衡关系而与攀爬能力无进化冲突的结论。Terrestrial animals′ locomotor performance can be affected by many factors（e.g.,substrate size,shape and surface texture） in a structurally complex environment.In this study,we established a gradient of substrate roughness using four different substrates（artificial plastic lawn,and plastic carpet mat with rough surface,with 5 mm width of mesh,and with smooth surface） to assess their effects on locomotor performance of two sympatric species of lizards（northern grass lizard Takydromus septentrionalis and Chinese skink Plestiondon chinensis）.Both lizard species are active foragers.T.septentrionalis primarily uses shrub and grass habitats in the hilly countryside,whereas P.chinensis usually uses relatively open habitats near farmlands.Locomotor performance were recorded using a digital video camera（Panasonic NV-MX3）,and three locomotor variables（sprint speed in the fastest 250 mm interval,the maximal distance traveled without stopping and number of stops in the trial） were analyzed with MGI Video Wave III software.T.septentrionalis had smaller body size（snout-vent length,SVL,and body mass,BM）,but relatively a longer tail and limbs than P.chinensis.In order to correct for the body size difference between the two species,relative values of sprint speed and the maximal distance（dividing each value of the variable by the SVL of the corresponding lizard） were used in statistical analyses.Cling capacity and locomotor stamina were evaluated by measuring the maximum slopes of oblique wood racetrack and the duration of exhaustive swimming inside a bath,respectively.All trials were conducted in a constant room temperature of 30 ℃,which is within the optimal range of temperature for both species′ locomotor performance.Nearly all the examined locomotor variables（except for the relative maximal distance in T.septentrionalis） were significantly affected by the substrate types in both species（P0.05）.Sprint speed was reduced with decreasing degrees of substrate surface roughness.For example,

关 键 词：北草蜥 中国石龙子 疾跑速 攀附力 耐力 进化权衡 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]