面神经颞支的显微解剖及其临床意义  

Microsurgical anatomy and clinical significance of temporal branches of facial nerve

作　　者：孙永强[1] 杨雯雯 梁宪斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州市第三人民医院肿瘤科,郑州450000

出　　处：《医药论坛杂志》2011年第15期97-98,共2页Journal of Medical Forum

摘　　要：目的为防止涉及颞区的颅底手术损伤面神经颞支提供显微解剖学依据。方法选用福尔马林固定的成人头颅标本20侧，应用颞下-耳前-颞下窝入路，在手术显微镜下模拟手术入路，解剖观察面神经颞支的分支数目、走行层次，测量颞支与所选标志点的关系。结果①面神经颞支越过颧弓时分为2～4支，其中85％为3支。②颞支距耳屏尖距离：最后支16．32±2．43mm，最前支31．30±2．64mm。③在颧弓上面神经颞支走行于颞浅筋膜深面。结论面神经颞支在耳屏尖前颧弓表面16．32～31．30mm范围内较集中，相关手术应避免损伤。在颞深筋膜深层与颞肌之间分离颞肌可保护面神经颞支免受损伤。Objective To provide anatomical basis for the preservation of the temporal branches of the facial nerve under operation on temporal region. Methods Ten adult cadaveric heads （20 sides） fixed in 10% formalin were examined using microsurgical techniques and instruments, including the operating microscope. Subtemporal - preaurieular infratemporal fossa was selected to study. The number of the temporal branches of the facial nerve and its distribution were observed. The distances between the temporal branches and marking point selected were measured. Results ①The number of the temporal branches was 2 -4 acrossing the zygomatic arch, and about 85 % was 3. ②The distances from the apex of tragus to the most posterior temporal branch, most anterior temporal branch were （ 16. 32 ± 2.43 ） mm, （ 31.30 ±2.64） mm, respectively. ③They ran between the superficial temporal fascia and the superficial layer of the deep temporal fascia after acrossing the zygomatic arch. Conclusions The temporal branches of the facial nerve cross zygomatic arch at the distance of 16. 32 31.30mm before the tragus. It is safe to dissect in the plane between the deep layer of the deep temporal fascia and the temporal muscle.

关 键 词：面神经颞支 显微解剖 手术 避免损伤 

分 类 号：R345.12[医药卫生—基础医学]