鲤遗传连锁图谱的构建  

The construction of genetic linkage map of common carp(Cyprinus carpio L.)

作　　者：王宣朋[1,2] 孙效文[1] 李文升[1,2] 张天奇[1,3] 李超[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150070 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [3]大连海洋大学生命科学与技术学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2011年第5期641-648,共8页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2010CB126305);黑龙江水产研究所基本科研业务费专项资金(2009HSYZX-SJ-08)

摘　　要：利用JoinMap 4.0软件包,以德国镜鲤选育系为祖父母所培育的自交F2群体的68个个体为作图群体,首次以新型分子标记单核苷酸多态性(Single Nucleotide Polymorphism,SNP)为主要作图标记,以微卫星(Simple Sequence Repeats,SSR)和表达序列标签(Expressed Sequence Tag,EST)为辅助标记,采用CP(CrossPollinators)模型构建鲤的遗传连锁图谱。构建的遗传连锁图谱含有560个标记(174个SSR标记、41个EST-SSR标记和345个SNP标记),分布在50个连锁群上,最大连锁群由60个标记组成,最小连锁群仅含2个标记,平均每个连锁群有11.2个标记。最大连锁群的图距为198.1厘摩(centimorgan,cM),最小的连锁群图距为1.5 cM,图谱总图距为3 295.92 cM,标记间平均间距为7.21 cM,图谱覆盖率为76.26%。构建的图谱为中等密度的遗传连锁图谱可为进一步的鲤相关经济性状的QTL定位研究和分子标记辅助选择育种(MAS)打下基础。研究亮点:首次以新型分子标记SNP为主要作图标记并以SSR标记为辅助标记构建鲤遗传连锁图谱;有来自表达基因编码区的41个EST-SSR标记分布在图谱上;构建的图谱标记类型丰富,数量大,密度高,为进一步的鲤重要经济性状的QTL定位和分子标记辅助育种打下基础。The common carp（Cyprinus carpio L.）is the most extensively cultured fish in the world,as well as in China.Construction of genetic linkage map of common carp is necessary to increase the efficiency of selective breeding,especially complicated traits.In this study,a genetic linkage map has been constructed for the common carp（Cyprinus carpio L.）using the mode of cross Pollinators in JoinMap 4.0 software.The resuts showed that the framework of genetic linkage map consisted of 560 markers（174 SSR markers,41 EST markers and 345 SNP markers）in 50 linkage groups ranged in size from 1.5 cM（The unit is centimorgan）to 198.1 cM and consisted of 2 to 60 markers.The average markers of 50 linkage groups is 11.2.The total linkage distance spanned by these markers was 3 295.9 cM with an average of 7.21 cM for the whole framework map,and the map coverage is 76.26%.This medium-density genetic linkage map is an improvement of further QTL,fine mapping,marker assisted selection（MAS）linked to important traits and comparative genome mapping in common carp.

关 键 词：鲤 遗传连锁图 JoinMap4.0 微卫星 表达序列标签 单核苷酸多态性 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]