重大军事任务下军人急性应激反应特点  

Characteristics of Soldiers' Acute Stress Reaction Under Important Military Tasks

作　　者：朱霞[1] 杨业兵[1] 张华军[2] 江源[1] 黄鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学航空航天医学系心理教研室,西安710032 [2]中国人民解放军96401部队防检环监所,宝鸡721006

出　　处：《心理科学》2011年第5期1269-1273,共5页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家863项目(2008AA021202)的资助

摘　　要：目的:揭示军人在执行重大军事任务期间急性应激反应特点。方法:采用《急性应激反应量表》对执行重大军事任务下军人的心理反应进行测试和对比。结果:五种重大军事任务下,军人的急性应激反应各维度及总反应指数均存在显著性差异,急性应激反应主要表现在认知改变和情绪变化方面;执行任务过程中的暴露因素影响军人急性应激反应的程度;军人急性应激反应各症状与工作效率降低呈显著正相关,影响工作效率的因素主要为生理反应、焦虑、注意减退和自责。结论:随着执行重大任务的性质和暴露因素不同,军人急性应激反应特点存在显著差异,并对军事作业效能产生明显的影响。In the 21st century, there have been many unexpected events in which the destructions of life and property go hand in hand with harm to people＇s mentality. After the occurrence of an incident, soldiers, often the timeliest rescuers, are not only burdened with heavy, tense rescue missions, but alse bear the uncertainty of events, life safety in high risks, and the strong shock of the tragic situation. In fulfilling their the major unexpected tasks, acute stress reaction, often results in a great impact on soldiers＇ mentality. Relevant studies have become a hot issue of military psychological research. To reveal the characteristics of soldiers＇ acute stress reaction when fulfilling major military tasks, we used the ＂acute stress reaction scale＂ to test them and then c（~npared each task. The scale, which had good reliability and validity, contained 112 items, five estimate dimensions, namely, cognitive change, behavior change, emotional response, physiological response and pathological change, and one efficiency standard, work efficiency. Their overall average is a total response index which suggests the severity of acute stress reaction. We used the scale to test 2627 soldiers, all males, with an average of age of 2.61-years. The subjects were divided into five groups by the events that they implemented. The five groups were the seismic group, the maintenance and stability group, the plateau group, the parade group and the last maneuver group. We got the results subsequently that soldiers＇ acute stress response in each dimension and total response index had a significant difference under the five maior military tasks. Besides, the significant differences were mainly in cognitive change and emotional reaction. Cognitive change and ＂emotional reaction among the major symptom clusters were significantly different. Plateau stress responses were the most obvious symptom, but the lightest condition was the parade. Besides, when soldiers performed a major task, the size of acute stress reaction will be i

关 键 词：急性应激反应 军人 重大活动 

分 类 号：E0-051[军事—军事理论]