小学高年级儿童攻击行为与亲子依恋关系  

Relationship between aggression and parental attachment in children

作　　者：孟仙[1] 余毅震[1] 刘卓娅[1] 张萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2011年第8期901-903,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30972496)

摘　　要：目的了解我国小学高年级儿童攻击行为与亲子依恋关系的发展情况,探讨攻击行为与儿童亲子依恋之间的关系。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,对我国安徽、云南、广东、黑龙江、湖北5省15个大、中、小城市6 587名小学四～六年级学生进行Buss-W ar-ren攻击问卷和亲子依恋关系调查。结果小学高年级儿童的攻击性随着年级增加而逐渐增加(P<0.01),对父母的亲子依恋逐渐降低(P值均<0.01)。亲子依恋与攻击行为呈显著负相关(P<0.01)。家庭依恋类型中,双亲依恋安全型的儿童攻击性最低,其次为母亲安全父亲非安全型,再次为父亲安全母亲非安全型,最高为双亲非安全型,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。单亲家庭和重组家庭儿童与核心家庭和大家庭儿童相比,有着更高的攻击性及较差的亲子依恋关系(P<0.01)。结论对青少年攻击行为的干预应更多关注母子关系,单亲家庭以及重组家庭儿童应作为重点关注人群。Objective To find out the developmental changes in higher grade pupils aggressive behavior and attachment, to explore the relationship between aggressive behavior and attachment. Methods The survey was conducted in the cluster sample of 6 587 pupils in grade 4-6 which were randomly selected from 15 cities of 5 provinces （5 provinces were separately from east, west, north, south and middle China, three cities of each province were selected according to the economic level） across China. The content of questionnaire involved general state, Aggression Questionnaire and the Kerns Security Scale. Results The aggressive behavior was increased significantly （ P〈0. 01 ） by the grade while the attachment security of children decreased significantly { P〈0. 01 ） by the grade. Negative correlation was existed between aggressive behavioral and attachment （ P〈0. 01 ）. With regard to the joint effects of child-mother and child-father attachment, it was found that children with two secure attachment had the lest aggression score while children with two unsecure attachment had the most aggression score, children with unsecure attachment with mother and secure attachment with father had significantly higher aggression scores （ P〈0. 01 ） than those with secure attachment with mother unsecure attachment with father. Children from single-parental families and recombinant families had significantly higher aggression scores and less attachment security than those from nuclear families and three-generation families （ P〈0. 01 ）. Conclusion More attention should be paid to children from single-parental families and recombinant families, improving the relationship between children and their mothers should be taken as key measures while preventing aggressive behavior.

关 键 词：攻击 亲子关系 客体依恋 精神卫生 学生 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学] B844[医药卫生—医学心理学]