毛乌素沙地低湿地维管植物区系特征  

Study on the Flora of Vascular Plants in Low Wetland of the Mu Us Sandy Land

作　　者：呼格吉勒图[1] 杨劼[1] 张磊[1] 张琳[1] 丁越岿[1] 黄文婕[1] 高占成 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学生命科学学院生态与环境科学系,内蒙古呼和浩特010021 [2]毛乌素沙地开发整治研究中心,内蒙古乌审旗017300

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2011年第5期1189-1194,共6页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划"973"项目(2007CB106807);国家自然科学基金项目(40841018)资助

摘　　要：运用植物学及植物地理学方法,结合野外实地调查,对毛乌素沙地低湿地植物区系组成、地理成分、生活型及水分生态类群特征进行了分析研究。结果表明,低湿地共有维管植物59科182属323种,其中被子植物占总数的99.07%。单种科、寡种科和单种属、寡种属是低湿地植物区系的主体,是植物区系复杂性及物种多样性的主要来源,寡种属优势明显。中型科属和较大科属虽不占主体,但却往往是构成植物群落的建群种或为植物区系的代表成分,对植物区系的构成及植被的分布格局都有很大的影响。植物区系地理成分多样,温带分布型是低湿地植物区系地理成分的主要组成部分,低湿地植物具有典型的温带特征。低湿地草本植物占数量优势,草本植物以多年生为主,多年生草本植物对低湿地环境影响作用较为明显。低湿地植物地理成分及分布特征也说明气候、环境条件,植物种的生态幅度及其对环境的适应能力对植物地理分布具有决定性影响。The flora composition,geographical elements,life forms and water ecological groups of vascular plants in low wetland of the Mu Us Sandy Land were studied based on field investigation and by applying the methods of botany and phytogeography.The results show that the total of 323 species belongs to 59 families and 182 genera of vascular plant.The single-species family,few-species family,the single-species genera and few-species genera are the main part of the low wetland flora,and were the main source of flora complexity and species diversity.The dominance of the few-species genera is evident.In most cases,though the bigger species family and genera aren＇t the dominant species of low wetland plant community,they are the representative components of low wetland plant community,and they have an important influence on the flora structure and vegetable pattern.The geographic elements of the flora are of multiplicity and the temperate element is the main part of low wetland flora.The herbaceous plants have the numerical advantage.The perennial herbs as the main part of the herbaceous plant have an obvious effect on low wetland environment.The analysis of geographical element and distribution characteristic of vascular plant in low wetland of the Mu Us Sandy Land also indicates that the climate and environmental conditions,the ecological amplitude and the adaptive capacity of the plant have a determinative influence on the floristic geography distribution.

关 键 词：低湿地 植物区系 维管植物 毛乌素沙地 

分 类 号：Q948.15[生物学—植物学]