新疆伊犁河流域草地类型特征及其生态服务价值研究  

Study on Types and Ecological Services Values of the Grassland in the Ili River Basin,Xinjiang,China

作　　者：孙慧兰[1] 陈亚宁[2] 李卫红[2] 黎枫[2] 木巴热克·阿尤普[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源自治区重点实验室,新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [2]荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2011年第5期1273-1277,共5页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源自治区重点实验室基金项目(XJDX0909-2010-07);新疆师范大学博士科研启动基金项目(XJ-NUBS1009)资助

摘　　要：以新疆伊犁河流域为研究对象,采用Costanza生态系统服务价值计算公式,参照谢高地等人的中国草地生态系统服务单位面积价值,分析了伊犁河流域草地类型特征和生态系统服务价值。研究结果表明,新疆伊犁河流域草地资源丰富,草地面积占土地总面积的60.88%以上,草地产草量及载畜能力均处于全疆最好水平,其中山地草甸类草地面积最大,占草地可利用面积的27.91%。草地生态系统每年的服务价值为200.47亿元,山地草甸类草地、温性草甸草原类以及温性草原类草地生态服务价值达145.3亿元,占到全流域草地总生态服务价值的72.48%,是草地生态服务价值的主体部分,流域生态系统服务性功能远大于生产性功能。总体看来,伊犁河流域草地生态服务价值山间盆地、丘陵区较高;而平原区相对较低。草地存在退化现象,1985—2005年间草地生态服务价值有所下降。The Ili River Basin,Xinjiang,China was rich in grassland resources,which accounted for 60.88% of the total land area.In this paper,according to the unit-area grassland ecosystem service value data in China which was given by Xie Gaodi et al,the formula of ecosystem services value given by Costanza was applied to analyze the ecosystem services values of different grassland types in the Ili River Basin.The results showed that both the livestock carrying capacity and forage yield in the Ili River Basin were at the highest level in Xinjiang.The area of the mountain meadow was the largest in different grassland types in the Ili River Basin,which accounted for about 27.91% of the total available grassland area.The annual ecosystem services value of grassland was about 200.47×108 Yuan,and the ecosystem services values of the marsh meadow,mountain meadow and warm meadow grassland was about 145.3×108 Yuan altogether,which accounted for 72.48% of the total basin,so they were the main part of grassland ecosystem.The services value of grassland ecosystem in the Ili River Basin was more than the production value.In general,the grassland ecosystem services value in mountain basin and hilly region was higher than in plain region.The degradation of grassland was remarkable in the Ili River Basin,and the grassland ecosystem service values decreased from 1985 to 2005.

关 键 词：草地类型 生态服务价值 伊犁河流域 

分 类 号：Q148[生物学—生态学]