偏钒酸铵的制备及沉钒动力学  

Preparation of Ammonium Metavanadate and Kinetic Process of Vanadium Precipitation

作　　者：高峰[1] 颜文斌[1] 李佑稷[1] 石美莲[1] 周再兴[1] 黄丹丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉首大学化学化工学院,湖南吉首416000

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2011年第9期1423-1427,共5页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：湖南省教育厅(09C824);湖南省科技计划(2009GK4010)资助项目

摘　　要：在氯化铵与偏钒酸钠溶液反应生成偏钒酸铵的沉淀过程中,探讨偏钒酸钠的初始浓度、加铵系数K、溶液pH值及温度等因素对沉钒率的影响及沉淀动力学。通过X射线衍射和红外光谱对沉淀产物的微观结构进行表征。结果表明:以30 g/L V2O5溶液进行实验,当pH=8左右、以K=2加入氯化铵固体、温度为50℃时,沉钒率达到99%以上,动力学数据符合二级反应速率方程;产品与偏钒酸铵标准图谱一致;产品纯度(质量分数)为99.3%。Process of ammonium metavanadate precipitation via sodium metavanadate and ammonium chloride in aqueous solution was studied.Influence of initial concentration,coefficient of ammonification,pH value,and temperature were investigated and the kinetic mechanism was explored.Precipitation product was characterized by X-ray diffraction and infrared.Results show that pre-cipitation rate is over 99%,under V2O5 of 30 g/L,pH value of 8,coefficient of ammonification of 2,and temperature of 50 ℃.Kinetics data was found to follow second-reaction order.Spectrum of the product coincided with the standard spectrum.Purity（in mass） of ammonium metavanadate in products is over 99.3%.

关 键 词：氯化铵 五氧化二钒 沉淀 表征 动力学 

分 类 号：X703.11[环境科学与工程—环境工程]