A^2O工艺处理生活污水反硝化除磷研究  

Study on Denitrifying Phosphorus Removal From Domestic Wastewater in A^2O Process

作　　者：曾薇[1] 李磊[1] 杨莹莹[1] 张悦[1] 王淑莹[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学北京市水质科学与水环境恢复工程重点实验室,北京100124

出　　处：《北京工业大学学报》2011年第9期1407-1415,共9页Journal of Beijing University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50878005);北京市自然科学基金资助项目(8102005);霍英东教育基金会高等院校青年教师基金资助项目(121076)

摘　　要：采用A2O工艺处理低ρ(C)/ρ(N)实际生活污水,研究其脱氮除磷性能和反硝化除磷特性.试验结果表明:处理低ρ(C)/ρ(N)实际生活污水时,在不设置预缺氧区、无外加碳源的情况下,A2O工艺的脱氮除磷能力受到严重影响,出水ρ(NO3--N)高达35 mg/L,TN平均去除率仅为47.1%;此时A2O工艺除磷能力较差,缺氧段有释磷现象的发生.当设置预缺氧区后,A2O工艺的脱氮除磷能力明显提高,TN平均去除率可达60.7%,PO43--P平均去除率为55.9%;此时系统存在反硝化除磷现象,缺氧段除磷率为31.4%～46.9%.在设置预缺氧区的基础上,通过外加碳源,提高进水ρ(C)/ρ(N),可进一步提高系统的脱氮除磷能力,TN平均去除率可达74.4%,出水ρ(PO34--P)小于0.5 mg/L,缺氧段除磷率高达66.2%～90.9%.同时研究了外加碳源情况下污泥内PHA成分、含量及糖原含量在A2O系统内的沿程变化趋势.经过驯化、富集,反硝化聚磷菌相对于全部聚磷菌的代谢活性从31.1%提高到74.7%.A2O工艺反硝化除磷能力的增强,提高了碳源的利用效率.A lab-scale A^2O process was operated to investigate the performance of biological nutrients removal and denitrifying phosphorus removal from low ρ（ C ）/ρ（N） ratio domestic wastewater. The results showed that only about 47.1% of TN could be removed with effluent ρ（ NO3^--N） above 35 mg/L when the A^2O process was operated without the pre-anoxic zone and additional carbon source. Under this condition, both conventional and denitrifying phosphate removal was not observed in the anoxic zone. When the A^2O process was operated with the pre-anoxic zone, about 60.7% of TN and 55.9% of PO4^3--P could be removed. Moreover, denitrifying phosphate removal occurred with a removal efficiency of 31.4% -46.9% in the anoxic zone. After the ρ（C）/ ρ（N） ratios were increased by adding the carbon sources, biological nutrients removal was enhanced with the TN removal of 74.4% and the ρ（PO4^3- -P） in the effluent below 0.5 mg/L, and the denitrifying phosphate removal efficiency was up to 66.2% - 90.9%. Furthermore, the variations of PHA and glycogen were investigated. The relative metabolic activity of the DNPAO （denitrifying phosphate accumulating organism） increased from 31.1% in the seed sludge to 74.7% in the acclimated sludge. The carbon sources utilization efficiency is upgraded with the achievement in denitrifying phosphate removal in the A^2O process.

关 键 词：A^2O工艺 脱氮除磷 反硝化除磷 生活污水 聚-β-羟基烷酸酯(PHA) 糖原 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]