制备特定尺寸的纳米金颗粒方法及性能表征  

Synthesis and Characterization of Gold Nanoparticles with Various Diameters

作　　者：郑海霞[1] 黄博能[1] 胡君曼[1] 龚 

机构地区：[1]北京服装学院材料科学与工程学院,北京100029

出　　处：《北京大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第5期777-782,共6页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21002006);北京市教委项目(AJ2010-08)资助

摘　　要：通过化学还原法制备出不同粒径的纳米金颗粒。利用紫外可见分光光度计和透射电子显微镜对纳米金颗粒的形貌及尺寸进行表征。讨论了还原剂种类、还原剂用量、试剂加入顺序、反应温度等因素对纳米金颗粒稳定性、粒径、形貌和分散性的影响。结果表明：Na3C6H5O7为还原剂制得纳米金颗粒粒径在15-20 nm之间,NaBH4为还原剂制得的纳米金颗粒粒径在3-10nm之间,柠檬酸钠与氯金酸的摩尔比为1.5：1时最佳,Na3C6H5O7为还原剂时,采用HAuCl4溶液加入到加热的Na3C6H5O7与聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）混合溶液比Na3C6H5O7溶液加入到加热的HAuCl4与PVP混合溶液制得的纳米金溶胶的颗粒分散性好,粒径小且更均一。Gold nanoparticles with various diameters were synthesized by chemical reduction.UV-Vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy（TEM） were used to characterize the morphology and the size of the prepared Au nanoparticles.The effects of factors,such as the type of the reducing agent,the amount of the reducing reagent,reagent adding order and reaction temperature on the stability,radius,morphology and dispersion of Au nanoparticles were studied.The results show that the size of Au nanoparticles prepared with Na3C6H5O7 as a reductant was within the range of 15？20 nm,and the size of Au nanoparticles prepared with NaBH4 as a reducing agent was within the range of 3？10 nm.The optimum molar ratio of Na3C6H5O7 and HAuCl4 was 1.5：1.The gold nanoparticles prepared after adding HAuCl4 to the hot mixture of Na3C6H5O7 and poly vingl pyrrolidone（PVP） solution were better dispersed,smaller in size and more uniform,compared with that prepared after adding Na3C6H5O7 to the hot mixture of HAuCl4 and PVP solution.

关 键 词：纳米金制备 柠檬酸钠还原剂 硼氢化钠还原剂 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP) 透射电子显微镜 

分 类 号：TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]