中国自然灾害生态风险评价  

Ecological Risk Assessment of Natural Disasters in China

作　　者：许学工[1] 颜磊[1] 徐丽芬[1] 卢亚灵[1] 马禄义[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院,地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《北京大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第5期901-908,共8页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD20B07);科技部创新方法工作(2007FY140800-1)资助

摘　　要：进行中国(陆地)生态风险评价研究,旨在探讨大尺度的区域生态风险评价方法并实施评价,为生态系统的风险识别和风险防范提供科技支持。选择10种自然灾害作为生态风险源,22种生态系统作为风险受体,并考虑生态-环境脆弱性的影响。在各单项灾害生态风险评价的基础上,完成了中国灾害生态风险综合评价与制图。评价结果显示,从诸种自然灾害风险源叠加的综合生态风险看,生态系统高、中风险等级的比例占全国面积的45%,中国生态保护、风险防范任重而道远。建立适应性的防灾减灾和生态风险防范机制,合理利用和保育森林、草地、农田、湿地等生态系统势在必行。The authors explore an approach on large scale of regional ecological risk assessment,and implement the integrated assessment of China,so as to provide scientific support for eco-system risk recognition and risk prevention.Select the 10 natural disasters as ecological risk sources,22 species of the ecosystem as risk receptors and consider eco-environmental vulnerability.The integrated ecological risk assessment and mapping are conducted,on the basis of evaluating ecological risk by individual disaster and overlaying various risk evaluation by GIS.The result shows that the high,medium risk level of eco-system areas account for 45% of China’s territory.The environmental protection and risk prevention are very important and need to go a long way.It is imperative to establish adaptive disaster reduction and risk prevention mechanisms,make rational use and conservation for the forests,grassland,farmland,wetlands and other ecosystems.

关 键 词：生态风险 综合评价 风险源 自然灾害 中国 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]