一锅法合成溴代甲苯及1-溴丙烷的研究  

Study on Synthesis of Bromotoluene and 1-Bromopropane by One-pot Method

作　　者：张书文[1] 柏雪[1] 侯林艳[1] 潘玉莲[1] 陈贺[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北大学化学与环境科学学院,河北保定071002

出　　处：《化学世界》2011年第9期538-540,546,共4页Chemical World

摘　　要：以水为溶剂,以甲苯、1-丙醇和溴为原料,采用＂一锅法＂在合成对溴甲苯和邻溴甲苯的同时利用甲苯溴代生成的溴化氢进一步合成了1-溴丙烷。通过实验优化并确定了反应条件,其最佳工艺条件为：反应物的摩尔比为n（甲苯）∶n（溴）∶n（醇）=1∶1∶0.8;甲苯溴代阶段的反应温度为20~25°C;反应时间为2.5 h;对溴甲苯和邻溴甲苯的收率分别可达66.4%和24.7%;1-丙醇溴代反应的条件为回流反应1.5 h,1-溴丙烷的收率达80%以上。方法的特点是：原子利用率几乎达到100%,大幅降低了成本,提高了经济效益;节能减排,属于环境友好的绿色化学工艺。p-Bromotoluene and o-bromotoluene were synthesized by one-pot reaction using water as solvent and toluene,1-propanol and bromine as raw material.Meanwhile,the hydrogen bromide,generated by bromination of toluene was used to synthesize 1-bromopropane.Through optimizing,the optimum reaction conditions were the mol ratio of toluene：Br2：1-propanol was 1∶1∶0.8,and the reaction was carried out at 20~25 °C for 2.5 h.Under the optimum conditions,the yield of p-bromotoluene and o-bromotoluene were 66.4% and 24.7%,respectively.The yield of 1-bromopropane was up to 80% after refluxing for 1.5 h in 1-propanol.The atom utilization of the process reached almost 100%,which significantly reduced costs and improved the economic efficiency.

关 键 词：一锅法 对溴甲苯 邻溴甲苯 1-溴丙烷 原子经济性 环境友好 

分 类 号：TQ244.4[化学工程—有机化工]