低温层积和室温干燥贮藏对4种蒺藜科草本植物种子萌发的影响  

Effect of cold stratification and dry storage at room temperature on seed germination of four herbaceous species of Zygophyllaceae

作　　者：郑秀芳[1] 陈文[1] 王桔红[1] 彭玉姣[2] 张勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]河西学院生态研究所,甘肃张掖734000 [2]西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2011年第4期53-59,共7页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31040009);甘肃省科技厅自然科学基金(1010RJZG204);甘肃省高校河西走廊特色资源利用省级重点实验室基金(XZ1013);河西学院校长基金

摘　　要：研究了低温层积和室温干燥贮藏对河西走廊骆驼蒿(Peganum nigellastrum)、骆驼蓬(P.harmala)、驼蹄瓣(Zygophyllum fabago)和蝎虎驼蹄瓣(Z.mucronatum)蒺藜科4种草本植物种子萌发的影响。结果显示,贮藏条件对4种蒺藜科植物种子萌发率和萌发速率有极显著的影响(P<0.001)。经冬季冷屋贮藏(-5℃、湿润)和冰箱贮藏(4℃、湿润)的驼蹄瓣种子萌发率分别达到74.5%和64%,经室温干贮的种子萌发率仅为27%,略高于贮藏前的种子萌发率(12%);经冬季冷屋贮藏的骆驼蓬种子萌发率达到70.5%,大于冰箱贮藏后的种子萌发率(27%)和室温干贮后的种子萌发率(12%);室温干燥贮藏极大地提高了骆驼蒿种子萌发率和萌发速率,经室温干燥贮藏的骆驼蒿种子萌发率(98%)>冬季冷屋贮藏后的萌发率(65%)>冰箱贮藏后的萌发率(57%)>贮藏前的萌发率(8%);3种贮藏条件对蝎虎驼蹄瓣种子萌发几乎没有影响,萌发率不足10%。说明低温层积能有效破除骆驼蒿、骆驼蓬、驼蹄瓣种子休眠,提高萌发率和萌发速率,而室温干燥贮藏使骆驼蒿种子完成后熟,提高萌发率和萌发速率。Germination responses of Peganum nigellastrum,P.harmala,Zygophyllum fabago and Z.mucronatum seeds from Hexi Corridor were examined following storage in the cold room during winter（-5℃,moist）,in a refrigerator（4℃,moist） for 65 days,and at room temperature（20°C） for 6 months.The germination percentages of seeds of Z.fabago stored in the cold room during winter and in the refrigerator were 74.5% and 64%,respectively,whereas those stored dry at room temperature 27%,and those non-stored 12%.Seeds of P.harmala stored in the cold room during winter germinated at a higher percentage（70.5%） than those stored in the refrigerator（27%） and those stored dry at room temperature（12%）.Seed of P.nigellastrum stored dry at room temperature germinated at a higher percentage（98%） than those stored in the cold room during winter（65%）,in the refrigerator（56%） and non-stored（8%）.Storage conditions had no significant effect on the germination of Z.mucronatum seeds,and the maximum germination under any storage treatment was less than 10%.Thus,cold stratification（-5℃ and 4℃） can be an efficient method to break dormancy of P.nigellastrum,P.harmala,Z.fabago seeds,and dry storage at room temperature can improve greatly seed germination of P.nigellastrum,but not that of Z.mucronatum.

关 键 词：蒺藜科植物 低温层积 室温干燥贮藏 种子萌发 休眠 

分 类 号：Q945.34[生物学—植物学]