坡度、雨强对塿土入渗特征的影响研究  

Influence of Slope and Rainfall Intensity on Infiltration Characteristics of Lou Soil

作　　者：郝春红[1] 潘英华[1] 陈曦[1] 崔素芳[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学地理与规划学院,山东烟台264025 [2]山东省潍坊市潍坊中学,山东潍坊261031

出　　处：《土壤通报》2011年第5期1040-1044,共5页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40801100;50179035;50609022);黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室基金项目(10501-17710501-220);鲁东大学学科建设项目经费资助

摘　　要：利用室内人工降雨试验研究降雨强度和坡度对塿土水分入渗状况的影响及其作用机理,并用数学方法对土壤入渗率与累积入渗量随时间变化过程进行数学模拟。试验结果表明：雨强对降雨入渗率及累积入渗量有显著影响。雨强在20~90 mm h-1之间,雨强越大,塿土初始入渗率越高,达到稳定的时间越短,土壤的稳定入渗率由于主要受制于土壤特性,因而各降雨强度间差异不显著;累积入渗量变化表现为随降雨强度增大而减少;坡度对土壤入渗率及累积入渗量基本无影响。运用数学模型对土壤入渗率及累积入渗量的变化过程进行模拟,结果表明,Kostiakov经验模型与自回归移动平均模型（ARIMA）两种模型均可用于模拟土壤入渗性能的变化过程,拟合精度均较高。In this paper,indoor artificial simulated rainfall was used to investigate the effects and mechanisms of slope and rainfall intensity（RI） on Lou soil infiltration.Adopting mathematical methods,dynamic change of soil infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration were simulated.The results showed that RI influenced infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration obviously.Within the range of rainfall intensity from 20 mm h-1 to 90 mm h-1,larger rainfall intensity led to higher initial infiltration rate and shorter time to reach stable infiltration rate.Mainly subjected to soil characteristics,there were no obvious differences between different treatments in stable infiltration rate.Cumulative infiltration decreased with the increase of RI.Soil infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration did not show obvious difference between different slopes.Using mathematical models to simulate dynamic change of soil infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration,the result showed both Kostiakov model and ARIMA model could be used to simulate infiltration process and fitted better.

关 键 词：坡度 降雨强度 入渗率 累积入渗量 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]