黄河流域水文站网布设控制目标分析  

Analysis on Control Objectives of Hydrological Station Network in the Yellow River Basin

作　　者：拓自亮[1] 王怀柏[1] 吉俊峰[1] 刘彦娥[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会水文局,河南郑州450004

出　　处：《人民黄河》2011年第9期14-15,18,共3页Yellow River

摘　　要：水文站网是为满足流域规划、水量调度、水资源配置、水环境保护等方面的综合目标或综合功能而设置的,可以通过流域水量计算、省界水量监测、防汛测报、水质监测目标满足率来反映其合理性。分析统计结果表明:①现状黄河流域水量控制满足率为32%,水文空白河流主要分布在青海、甘肃的河源区和内蒙古的荒漠区,应在下一步黄河流域站网布局中重点关注;②流域省界河流水量控制满足率为82%,尚有6条河流需设站控制;③尚未开展防汛预测预报的河流有35条,今后调整的任务是提高报汛站网密度,增强报汛的时效性;④流域水功能区水质监测目标平均满足率为32.3%,整体水平偏低,需要大力加强水质站网建设。The hydrological station network is built to meet the general requirements of river basin planning,water allocation,as well as water and environmental protection.The rationality of the network can be reflected by the satisfaction rate of water calculation in a basin scale,inter-provincial water monitoring,flood forecasting and water quality monitoring.It is revealed through analysis and statistics that a） the current satisfaction rate of water control in a basin scale is 32%,with relative blank areas which are mainly located in source region of Qinghai and Gansu,and desert of Inner Mongolian,where should be focused in the coming network design;b） the satisfaction rate of water control of provincial boundary rivers is 82%,among which stations should be supplemented in 6 rivers;c） flood forecast has not been performed in 35 rivers,in which the telemetry station density should be increased to improve the timeliness of flood prediction;d） the average satisfaction rate of river water functional areas in the basin is 32.3%,which needs to be greatly enhanced through water quality station network construction.

关 键 词：水文站网 水文测报 控制目标 满足率 黄河 

分 类 号：P336[天文地球—水文科学]