湄公河干流径流变化及其对下游的影响  

An analysis of Mekong River runoff change and its impact on the Mekong River downstream

作　　者：钟华平[1] 王建生[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《水利水运工程学报》2011年第3期48-52,共5页Hydro-Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BAB42B02)

摘　　要：湄公河水资源丰富,径流时空变化大.在阐述湄公河水资源及其开发利用状况的基础上,分析了下湄公河干流径流变化及其对洞里萨湖和湄公河三角洲的影响.研究表明:影响湄公河干流径流的水量主要来自老挝,对湄公河干流径流贡献最大的是巴色―上丁段;流域水电开发和水资源利用,改变了下游水文条件,主要使下游汛期洪水威胁减小,枯季径流增加;湄公河水倒灌进入洞里萨湖,在雨季蓄积大量洪水,对湄公河金边以下径流起着天然调节作用,减缓了湄公河三角洲海水入侵和洪水影响,提高了旱季农业灌溉保证率.The Mekong River is rich in water resources and has a large temporal and spatial variation of runotf. On the basis of description of the Mekong River water resources and its development and utilization status, this paper analyzes the Mekong River runoff variation and its impact on the Tonle Sap Lake and the Mekong Delta. The research shows that ： the flow of the Mekong River comes mainly from Laos and the segment of Pakse-Stung Treng is the biggest source of flow to the Mekong River; the hydropower development and water resources utilization have changed the downstream hydrological conditions, which causes the downstream flood threat to reduce in the flood season and the runoff to increase in the dry season ; the flow reversal of the Tonle Sap Lake during the rainy season, accumulating a large number of floods from the Mekong River, functions as a natural regulation of runoff in the downstream of Phnom Penh, reduces the Mekong Delta seawater intrusion and flood peak, and improves the efficiency of agricultural irrigation during the dry season.

关 键 词：湄公河 径流 洞里萨湖 湄公河三角洲 影响分析 

分 类 号：TV213.9[水利工程—水文学及水资源]