混合扩链剂对聚氨酯弹性体宏观性能的影响  

Effect of mixed chain extenders on the macroscopic properties of polyurethane elastomers

作　　者：罗建勋[1] 靳昊[1] 毛立新[1] 张立群[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学北京市新型高分子材料制备与成型加工重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《北京化工大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第5期63-68,共6页Journal of Beijing University of Chemical Technology(Natural Science Edition)

摘　　要：以4,4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)和聚四氢呋喃均聚醚(PTMG)为原料合成聚氨酯(PU)预聚体(A组分),三羟基聚醚多元醇(330N)分别与14,-丁二醇(BDO)或乙二醇(EGO)混合作为扩链剂(B组分),将A、B组分聚合制备PU弹性体。探讨330N/BDO与330N/EGO不同体系以及各体系不同质量比对PU弹性体热性能和机械性能的影响。结果表明,330N/BDO体系的软段玻璃化转变温度(Tgs)较低,硬段熔融热较高,随着330N/BDO质量比的下降,Tgs上升,硬段熔融热增加;330N/EGO体系的拉伸强度、硬度稍高,而断裂伸长率和滞后损失(tanδ)有较大落差,随着330N/EGO质量比的下降,弹性体的拉伸强度和硬度增加,断裂伸长率和滞后损失降低。A series of polyurethane elastomers have been synthesized from prepolymers （component A） and chain extenders （component B）. The prepolymers were prepared using 4,4＇-diphenylmethane diisocyanate （MDI） and polytetrahydrofuran polyols （PTMG）. The chain extenders were mixtures of trihydroxy polyether polyols （330N） with 1,4-butanediol （BDO） or ethylene glycol （EGO）. The thermal and mechanical properties of polyurethane e- lastomers based on two different systems （330N/BDO and 330N/EGO） for a range of different mass ratios in each system were investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） showed that the glass transition temperature of soft segments （Tgs） was lower in the 330N/BDO systems, whilst the melting heat of hard segments was higher in the 330N/BDO systems. The values of Tgs and the melting heat of hard segments increased with the decreasing 330N： BDO and 330N： EGO mass ratios. Measurements of mechanical properties and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis （DMTA） showed that tensile strength and the hardness were higher for the 330N/EGO system, while the elongation and hysteresis loss （tanS） were lower. With decreasing 330N： BDO and 330N： EGO mass ratios, the tensile strength and hardness increased, but elongation and hysteresis loss （tanδ） decreased.

关 键 词：聚氨酯弹性体 混合扩链剂 力学性能 热性能 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]