明清雹灾与雹神崇拜的民俗叙事  

Folk Narrative of Hail Disaster and Hail God Worship in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：王立[1] 刘卫英[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连大学语言文学研究所,大连116622

出　　处：《晋阳学刊》2011年第5期116-122,共7页Academic Journal of Jinyang

基　　金：2009年度辽宁省社科规划基金项目:清代灾荒叙事与民俗想象研究(L09DZW007);中国博士后科学基金项目:清代灾荒叙事与御灾民俗想象研究(20100480227)

摘　　要：雹灾具有瞬时突发、灾害立现的特点,史书把雹灾对应到政治悖谬导致的天气阴阳相激,认为冰雹是天界神人操纵工具播洒而成,雹子是虾蟆、蜥蜴、龙等两栖爬行类动物所吐,两龙相斗也会有冰雹,雹灾传闻体现了清代观察者、传播者的龙崇拜"先结构"存在。人们了解到雹灾是洪水前兆,及时避灾;并用火器驱赶雹灾,进而想象出某种宝贝作为御灾工具,可以抵御、驱逐来袭的雹灾。Hail disaster has the features of sudden burstiness and immediately apparence. According to the historical documents, hail disaster presented mutual stimulation of Yin and Yang which resulted from political absurdity. It considered that hail was spread by God of the Immortals World. Hail was vomited by amphibian and reptilian animals, such as toad, lizard and dragon. Two dragons fighting will also bring the hail. The hearsay of the hail embodied the ＂ex-structure＂ existence about the dragon worship from the observers and the propagators in the Qing dynasty. People realized the hail disaster was the forerunners of the flood and timely to avoided it; As well as used firearms to drive it. Further more, people imagined using some mysterious things as a tool against the disaster, which also could resist and drive out the incoming hail disaster.

关 键 词：雹灾叙事 清代民俗 灾害崇拜 御灾思想 

分 类 号：K892[历史地理—民俗学]