藻类结皮对黄土高原地区土壤蒸发过程的影响  

Effects of Soil Algae Crust on Soil Evaporation in the Loess Plateau

作　　者：王翠萍[1] 周欢水[1] 廖超英[2] 孙长忠[3] 韩小红[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家林业局西北林业调查规划设计院,陕西西安710048 [2]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨陵712100 [3]中国林业科学研究院华北林业实验中心,北京102300

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2011年第6期8-13,共6页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30670339)

摘　　要：利用自制的微型蒸发器观测了山西偏关县藻类结皮覆盖土壤和无结皮土壤的蒸发过程,对土壤的蒸发强度、累积蒸发量等进行了对比分析。结果表明:藻类结皮对土壤蒸发过程有一定影响,但其影响机理不是简单的"促进"或"抑制",而是当土壤含水量较高时,藻类结皮覆盖土壤的蒸发能力明显高于无结皮土壤,当土壤逐渐变干时,结皮封闭了土壤表面,并将水分束缚在土壤中,有效降低了土壤蒸发能力。藻类结皮对雨后土壤蒸发的影响在不同阶段有所不同,降雨发生后的前期阶段,结皮覆盖土壤的蒸发量明显高于无结皮土壤,而后期阶段,结皮覆盖土壤的蒸发量低于无结皮土壤。Taking the Loess Plateau in Pianguan County, Shanxi Province as the research region, the soil water evaporation process was comparatively studied in the soils with and without algae crust by micro-lysimetcr from the view of evaporation intensity and cumulative evaporation. The results showed that soil algae crust significantly changed evaporation process of the soil. The influence mechanism of algae crust on soil evaporation was not simple promotion or inhibition. When soil water content was higher, soil water evaporation on soil with algae crust was higher compared to that without crust. However, when soil was gradually drying, soil algae sealed the soil surface, restrained water in the soil and reduced soil evaporation. Soil algae crust in different stages after rainfall had significantly different effect on soil water evaporation. The earlier stage after rainfall, soil evaporation on soil with algae crust was significantly greater than that on soil without crust, and then lower later phase after rainfall.

关 键 词：藻类结皮 土壤蒸发 微型蒸发器 黄土高原 

分 类 号：S152.73[农业科学—土壤学]