近年来引发青岛暴雨的台风特征分析  

The Analysis on Characteristics of Recent Typhoons Causing Heavy Rainfall in Qingdao

作　　者：刘学刚 李庆宝 张金艳 张苏平[3] 邵玲玲[4] 张小雯 

机构地区：[1]青岛市气象台,青岛266003 [2]国家气象中心,北京100081 [3]中国海洋大学海洋环境学院,青岛266003 [4]上海中心气象台,上海200030

出　　处：《气象》2011年第9期1091-1099,共9页Meteorological Monthly

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40505002、40775015);青岛市气象局奥帆赛气象服务研发课题、台风暴雨专项课题共同资助

摘　　要：采用FNL(NCEP/NCAR)全球1°×1°再分析格点资料和实况观测资料,选取2001—2008年引发青岛暴雨的6个登陆台风个例,从源地、路径、结构、强度及其环境场作用等方面分析其特征,并与未引发青岛暴雨的登陆台风特征进行了合成对比分析。结果表明:台风登陆我国福建或浙江后继续北上至30°N以北时,会引发青岛暴雨;台风东移入海,再次登陆山东半岛且登陆点离青岛越近,引发的暴雨越强、范围越广;台风影响青岛时,已处于生命史中的衰亡阶段,但高层暖心结构仍较明显,强度仍会维持一段时间;台风登陆后沿着南北向块状副高边缘的引导气流方向移动,且高空有冷槽与台风低压结合,会引发青岛全区性的暴雨、大暴雨天气。Using FNL（NCEP/NCAR）reanalysis data（1°×1°） and observations,some characteristics of six recent tropical cyclones causing heavy rainfall in Qingdao from 2001 to 2008 are analyzed from their tracks, structures,intensities and environmental flow effects etc.Then the comparative analysis of characteristics between tropical cyclones（TCs） causing heavy rainfall and those not in Qingdao is made by using composite analysis method.Results show that heavy rainfall will occur in Qingdao when a TC makes landfall over Fujian or Zhejiang Province in China and continues to move northward over 30°N.And when a TC moves into the sea and makes landfall over Shandong Peninsula again,the more intense rate and wider area of heavy rainfall will occur if its landing location is closer to Qingdao.When a TC impacts Qingdao,although it is in decline stage,it still keeps a clear warm core at upper levels and maintains its intensity for a period of time.And if a TC moves along the steering flow at edge of the massive subtropical high and links with a cold trough aloft,it will cause regional heavy rainfall over Qingdao.

关 键 词：暴雨 台风特征 合成分析 概念模型 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]