从《论语》看《马氏文通》的助字  

Study on the Different Functions of the Auxiliaries in The Analects and Ma Shi Wen Tong

作　　者：赵君[1] 王灵芝[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北广播电视大学,河北石家庄050071 [2]河北政法职业学院,河北石家庄050061

出　　处：《河北广播电视大学学报》2011年第4期40-42,共3页Journal of Hebei Radio & TV University

摘　　要：助字是《马氏文通》中没有西方语法为依傍的"华文所独",以《论语》中的助字用例为语料,从三个方面考察马氏的助字,发现:其一马氏以"传信"和"传疑"远不能概括助字的语气意义,《论语》的助字可分为陈述、疑问、感叹和提起。其二《论语》中语气词连用的情况证明了马氏对"合助助字"论述的正确性。其三马氏遵循助字的单功能性,有助于分析助字的细微差别和语气词连用。Auxiliary words in Ma Shi Wen Tong are the unique Chinese characteristic without imitating the Western grammar.Based on the auxiliaries used in The Analects,the study finds three aspects in Ma Shi Wen Tong： Firstly,the classification of ＂evidentality＂ and ＂expressing doubt＂ in Ma Shi Wen Tong cannot generalize the tone significance of the auxiliary.The auxiliary words in The Analects can be divided into statement,doubt,exclamation and mention.Secondly,the connected use of tone words in The Analects proves that the discussion of ＂joint auxiliary word＂ in Ma Shi Wen Tong is correct.Thirdly,Ma Shi Wen Tong follows the single function of the auxiliary,which helps in analyzing the subtle distinction of the auxiliaries and the joint use of tone words.

关 键 词：《论语》 《马氏文通》 助字 

分 类 号：H109.2[语言文字—汉语]