驼背鲈脑垂体显微和超微结构的观察  

Microstructural and ultrastructural study of pituitary in highfin grouper Cromileptes altivelis

作　　者：王静香[1,2] 李加儿[1] 区又君[1] 王刚[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东广州510300 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2011年第5期1061-1068,共8页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家863计划项目(2006AA10A414);广东省科技计划项目(C20817);广东省重大科技兴海(渔)项目(A200501A04)

摘　　要：采用PAS、Mallory三色法和腺垂体不同细胞改良染色法3种组织学染色方法,以及透射电镜技术,对驼背鲈(Cromileptes altivelis)脑垂体的形态、组织结构和超微结构进行了研究。结果表明,驼背鲈脑垂体为圆球形实心腺体,位于间脑腹面,由神经垂体和腺垂体2部分组成。根据神经纤维中所含分泌颗粒形态和大小把神经分泌纤维分为A1、A2和B型。神经纤维中存在2种垂体细胞,即呈椭圆形的Ⅰ型垂体细胞和呈梭形的Ⅱ型垂体细胞。腺垂体由3部分组成:前外侧部(RPD)、中外侧部(PPD)和中间部(PI)。腺垂体部可以鉴别出6种内分泌细胞,其中RPD有2种内分泌细胞:促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)分泌细胞和催乳激素(PRL)分泌细胞;PPD有3种内分泌细胞:生长激素(GH)分泌细胞、促性腺激素(GTH)分泌细胞和促甲状腺激素(TSH)分泌细胞;PI只有1种内分泌细胞,即促黑激素(MSH)分泌细胞。此外,腺垂体还有1种非分泌细胞星状细胞(SC)。驼背鲈腺垂体中6种内分泌细胞的分布情况为:前外侧部分布有2种细胞,即嗜酸性的PRL分泌细胞和嗜碱性的ACTH分泌细胞;中外侧部有GH、GTH、TSH 3种分泌细胞;MSH分泌细胞分布在中间部。驼背鲈脑垂体中只有1种GTH分泌细胞,只是呈多种形态。本研究有助于进一步了解鱼类脑垂体的结构,为驼背鲈的繁育和养殖提供理论依据。Pituitary was one of most complicated endocrine gland,the function of it was diversification.Pi-tuitary could modulate the activities of the body organs and tissues.It was necessary to investigate structure of fish pituitary in order to provide the basis for histological morphology,reproductive biology and pathology.Using improved staining,Mallory and PAS staining method,and transmission electron microscopy technique,the microstructure and the ultrastructure of the pituitary of Cromileptes altivelis was examined.Results showed that： the pituitary of the C.altivelis was a solid spherical glands,located in the ventral diencephalon,and was composed of neurohypophysis and adenohypophysis.According to the shape and size of excretive granule contained in nerve fibers,the neurosecretory fibers could be differentiated into A1,A2 and B-type.Two types of pituitary cells could be observed in the neurohypophysis,I-type pituitary cells and II-type pi-tuitary cells.Adenohypophysis consistsed of three parts： rostral pars distails（RPD）,proximal pars distalis（PPD） and pars intermedia（PI）.It could be identified six endocrine cells in adenohypophysis.Adrenocorticotrophic（ATCH） cells and prolactin（PRL） cells existed in the RPD,growth hormone（GH） cells,thyrotrophs（TSH） cells and gonadotrophic hormone（GTH） cells could be found in the PPD,only one endocrine cell were observed,it was melanophore-stimulating hormone（MSH） cells.And one non-secretory cell type-stellate cells（SC） could also be seen in adenohypophysis.The sort of gonadotrophic hormone cells and the composition and distribution of endocrine cell of adenohypophysis were discussed.There was only one kind of GTH cells,but they had many forms.The endoplasmic reticulum of some GTH cells significantly expanded,foam based,and it relatively had a few secretory granules in the cytoplasm.Since the release of secretion of some GTH cells,nuclear was smaller,degenerate,or even disassemble,and secretory granules was preternaturally rich in the cy

关 键 词：驼背鲈 脑垂体 显微结构 超微结构 

分 类 号：Q959[生物学—动物学] S917[农业科学—水产科学]