漂浮绿潮藻浒苔孢子/配子的繁殖过程  

Reproduction of spores/gametes of floating green tide algae Ulva prolifera

作　　者：陈群芳[1,2] 何培民[1,2] 冯子慧[1,2] 汤文仲[1,2] 李晓云[1,2] 张婷[1,2] 王阳阳[1,2] 蔡春尔[1,2] 霍元子[1,2] 马家海[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学海洋科学研究院,上海201306

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2011年第5期1069-1076,共8页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助课题(30371101);国家海洋局绿潮灾害专项(LC-03-01);国家海洋局公益性行业科研专项(2012418010);上海市优秀学科带头人资助项目(08SD14037);教育部博士点基金资助项目(2007-2008);上海市浦江人才计划项目(05PJ14086);上海市水生生物学重点学科资助项目(S30701);上海高校选拔培养优秀青年教师科研专项基金(SSC08002);海洋赤潮灾害立体监测技术与应用国家海洋局重点实验室开放研究基金项目(MATHAB200912)

摘　　要：以引起绿潮灾害的漂浮优势种浒苔(Ulva prolifera)为材料,对其繁殖过程和特性进行研究。结果发现漂浮浒苔多以配子体形式出现。每平方厘米单层藻体叶片可以产生2.84×10P6P^6.62×10P6P个孢子或1.14×10P7P^2.65×10P7P个配子,放散的生殖细胞中91.6%~96.4%可以成功萌发形成新的藻体,在绿潮暴发高峰期,平均1 g浒苔藻体30%的叶片所形成的生殖细胞囊完全放散生殖细胞后,可以产生0.84×10P8P^8.21×10P8 P株新藻体。漂浮浒苔强大的繁殖力是生物量快速扩增的重要原因,也是中国沿海绿潮暴发的一个主要原因。Green-tide blooms have occurred during each of four years since 2007 in the Yellow Sea of China.Each of the blooms was characterized by a rapid expansion in the area covered by green macroalgae,which caused a series of environmental problems associated with eutrophication.We investigated the biology of Ulva prolifera,the dominant floating macroalgae in these blooms.Our observations suggest that the gametophytes are the primary survival form.Each single blade of the algae thallus is able to produce 2.84×10^6–6.62×10^6 spores/1.14×10^7– 2.65×10^7 gametes per cmP2P.Furthermore,of the zoids that are released,about 91.6%–96.4% are able to successfully germinate,forming new plants.Thus,one third per unit weight of the algal thallus is able to produce 0.84×10^8–8.21×10^8 new individuals during the peak-hour of a bloom.Our results demonstrate that Ulva prolifera is able to reproduce very rapidly,which is likely a major factor in the spread of green tide blooms in the coastal areas of China.

关 键 词：浒苔 放散量 萌发率 繁殖率 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]