碱厂碱渣浸出毒性分析与处理  

Leaching Toxicity Experiment and Treatment of Alkaline Slag

作　　者：刘兴伟[1] 刘宪斌[1] 刘占广[1] 李国锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市海洋资源与化学重点实验室天津科技大学,天津300457

出　　处：《盐业与化工》2011年第5期51-54,共4页Jounral of Salt and Chemical Industry

摘　　要：固体废物中的有害成分可随雨水、地表水和地下水的淋溶、浸泡、冲刷而进入地下水和地表水,然后随水迁移至土壤或生物体内,进入食物链,造成环境污染,危及人类健康安全。实验从渤海沿岸某碱渣堆场采集4个样品,按照《危险废物鉴别标准浸出毒性鉴别(》GB 5085.3—2007)对样品进行了浸出毒性试验得出各重金属离子浓度,将结果与标准检出限对比,除厂内监测点和4号监测点镉含量超标外,其余均未超标,但碱渣腐蚀性较大。实验结果可以为碱渣的监测评估、治理与综合利用提供科学依据。针对碱渣的特性与危害提出了处理建议,并对未来碱渣的处理趋势做出展望。Constituents in solid wastes can enter and contaminate the groundwater and surface water by the eluviation,lixiviation,scour with rainwater,groundwater and surface water.Then they may transfer into soil or creatures and contaminate the food chains,posing serious threats to human＇s health.This study was a leaching toxicity experiment on alkaline slag from a Chemical Plant（Alkaline Factory） in Bohai coastal area.It analyzed results of the leaching toxicity experiment of alkaline slag under the direction of Identification standards for hazardous wastes-Identification for extraction toxicity,（GB 5085.3—2007）.Compared with the limits of heavy metal ions,fluorin ion and cyanogen ion,each concentration of heavy metal ions except cadmium,fluorin ion and cyanogen ion was within the normal range.Causticity of alkaline slag was high enough to do harm to workers in the factory and residents around the factory as well as the machinery for transporting the alkaline slag.The study was significantly important to the monitoring and assessing the alkaline slag,and it can be accordance as the direction in supervising the alkaline slag together with its overall utilization.It was reported that scholars and technicians around the world had done many research on the leaching toxicity of some solid waste,but alkaline slag caused little attention.In many countries the administration and supervision of solid waste and relevant laws were not in sound operation,so there can be lots of research to do in the field of the disposition of solid waste,especially in the alkaline slag.The suggestion about the disposal of alkaline slag in accordance with its characteristics and jeopardize was proposed in this study through the current hot points of the research home and abroad and the fact of Alkaline Factory.The prospect of the trends of disposal of alkaline slag was pointed out also.

关 键 词：碱渣 浸出毒性 固体废弃物 

分 类 号：X792[环境科学与工程—环境工程]