冷水游泳训练对糖尿病大鼠外周神经功能及结构的影响  

Effects of swimming in cold water on the functioning and structure of peripheral nerves in diabetic rats

作　　者：杜晓松[1,2] 齐素萍[1] 于洋[3] 吴军[1] 吴艳[1] 戚春环[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连医科大学附属第二医院康复科,大连116027 [2]唐山市第二医院 [3]大连医科大学

出　　处：《中华物理医学与康复杂志》2011年第9期656-660,共5页Chinese Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的观察冷水（水温20℃左右）游泳训练对糖尿病大鼠外周神经功能及结构的影响，并比较海水游泳训练与淡水游泳训练的疗效。方法共选取45只大鼠，随机抽取lO只作为正常对照组，将余35只制作大鼠糖尿病动物模型，有30只大鼠制模成功。随机将30只制模成功的糖尿病大鼠分为糖尿病模型组、海水游泳组及淡水游泳组，每组10只。海水游泳组及淡水游泳组大鼠分别在海水或淡水中进行游泳运动，每周连续训练5d，共训练8周。于训练第4周及第8周时检测各组大鼠尾神经传导速度（CNCV），并观察第8周时各组大鼠尾神经结构变化情况。结果训练第4周时，与正常对照组比较，模型组CNCV显著减慢（P〈0．05），海水游泳组及淡水游泳组CNCV均无显著变化（P〉0．05）；与模型组比较，海水游泳组和淡水游泳组CNCV明显增快（P〈0．05）；海水游泳组与淡水游泳组CNCV组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。训练第8周时，与正常对照组比较，模型组、海水游泳组及淡水游泳组CNCV均显著减慢（P〈0．05）；与模型组比较，海水游泳组、淡水游泳组CNCV均明显增快（P〈0．05）；此时两游泳组CNCV组间差异仍无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。实验进行第8周时，通过电镜、光镜观察发现模型组、海水游泳组及淡水游泳组大鼠尾神经均有脱髓鞘异常改变，其中以海水游泳组及淡水游泳组的病变程度相对较轻。结论冷水游泳训练可预防和延缓糖尿病大鼠外周神经病变；海水游泳训练与淡水游泳训练的疗效间差异无统计学意义。Objective To observe the effects of swimming in cold water on the functioning and structure of the peripheral nerves of diabetic rats, and to compare the effects of seawater and fresh water. Methods Forty SD rats weighing （250 ＋ 20） g were randomly divided into a normal control group （ A）, a diabetic model group （ B）, a seawater swimming group （C） and a fresh water swimming group （D） with 10 rats in each group. The swimming training was carried on 5 times a week for 8 weeks. At the end of the 4th and 8th week of training, caudal nerve con- duction velocity （CNCV） was measured. The nerve structure of the caudal nerves was observed at the end of the 8th week. Results By the 4th week, CNCV had slowed significantly in group B compared with group A, but not in groups C and group D. Compared with group B, CNCV had increased significantly in group C. There was no signifi- cant difference in CNCV between groups C and D. At the 8th week, compared with group A, CNCV had slowed in groups B and C. Compared with group B, CNCV was significantly faster in groups C and D. However, there was no significant difference between group C and group D with regard to CNCV. At the end of the 8th week demyelination was observed in the caudal nerves under a light microscope and an electron microscope in groups B, C and D, but the demyelination was milder in groups D and C. Conclusion Swimming in cold water can prevent or delay diabetic neuropathy in diabetic rats. There was no significant difference between seawater and fresh water swimming in terms of its effect on CNCV.

关 键 词：冷水 游泳训练 糖尿病神经病变 神经传导 

分 类 号：R587.1[医药卫生—内分泌]